Nehemiah 4:15 נְחֶמְיָה

Who acts: we, half, stars, morning · What happens: wrought, hold, appear, rise · To what, where: work, spears, rising

This is Nehemiah 4:15 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — we, half, stars, morning — and what happens in the verse to work, spears, rising, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 13 chapters of Nehemiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַאֲנַ֖חְנוּ עֹשִׂ֣ים בַּמְּלָאכָ֑ה וְחֶצְיָ֗ם מַחֲזִיקִים֙ בָּֽרְמָחִ֔ים מֵעֲל֣וֹת הַשַּׁ֔חַר עַ֖ד צֵ֥את הַכּוֹכָבִֽים׃

So we wrought in the work; and half of them held the spears from the rising of the morning till the stars appeared.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	3 עֹשִׂ֣ים	cc	and
2	אֲנַ֖חְנוּ	אֲנַחְנוּ	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	3 עֹשִׂ֣ים	nsubj	we
3	עֹשִׂ֣ים	עָשָׂה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur	root	root	[were] doing
4	בַּ	בְּ	ADP	_	6 מְּלָאכָ֑ה	case	(in)
5	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	6 מְּלָאכָ֑ה	det	the
6	מְּלָאכָ֑ה	מְלָאכָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	3 עֹשִׂ֣ים	obl	work
7	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	10 מַחֲזִיקִים֙	cc	and
8	חֶצְי	חֲצִי	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	10 מַחֲזִיקִים֙	nsubj	half
9	ָ֗ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 חֶצְי	nmod:poss	of them
10	מַחֲזִיקִים֙	חָזַק	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Plur	3 עֹשִׂ֣ים	conj	[were] keeping hold
11	בָּֽ	בְּ	ADP	_	13 רְמָחִ֔ים	case	on
12	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	13 רְמָחִ֔ים	det	(the)
13	רְמָחִ֔ים	רֹמַח	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	10 מַחֲזִיקִים֙	obl	spears
14	מֵ	מִן	ADP	_	15 עֲל֣וֹת	case	from
15	עֲל֣וֹת	עָלָה	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	10 מַחֲזִיקִים֙	advcl	when came up
16	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	17 שַּׁ֔חַר	det	the
17	שַּׁ֔חַר	שַׁחַר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	15 עֲל֣וֹת	nsubj	dawn
18	עַ֖ד	עַד	ADP	_	19 צֵ֥את	case	until
19	צֵ֥את	יָצָא	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	15 עֲל֣וֹת	conj	came out
20	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	21 כּוֹכָבִֽים	det	the
21	כּוֹכָבִֽים	כּוֹכָב	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	19 צֵ֥את	nsubj	stars
22	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	21 כּוֹכָבִֽים	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)
עֹשִׂים [were] doing	participle active · qal	אֲנַחְנוּ we
מַחֲזִיקִים [were] keeping hold	participle active · hiphil	חֶצְי half
עֲלוֹת when came up	infinitive construct · qal	שַּׁחַר dawn
צֵאת came out	infinitive construct · qal	כּוֹכָבִֽים stars

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

So we wrought in the work; and half of them held the spears from the rising of the morning till the stars appeared.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:NEH:83.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH.4.15/