Proverbs 14:13 מִשְׁלֵי
Who acts: heart, end · What happens: ache, be · To what, where: laughter, heaviness
This is Proverbs 14:13 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — heart, end — and what happens in the verse to laughter, heaviness, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of Proverbs on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.
גַּם־בִּשְׂח֥וֹק יִכְאַב־לֵ֑ב וְאַחֲרִיתָ֖הּשִׂמְחָ֣ה תוּגָֽה׃
Even in laughter the heart acheth; and the end of mirth is heaviness.
The tree
Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation | gloss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | גַּם־ | גַּם | ADV | _ | 3 שְׂח֥וֹק | advmod | also |
| 2 | בִּ | בְּ | ADP | _ | 3 שְׂח֥וֹק | case | in |
| 3 | שְׂח֥וֹק | שְׂחֹוק | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 4 יִכְאַב־ | obl | laughter |
| 4 | יִכְאַב־ | כָּאַב | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3 | root | root | it is in pain |
| 5 | לֵ֑ב | לֵב | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 4 יִכְאַב־ | nsubj | a heart |
| 6 | וְ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 10 תוּגָֽה | cc | and |
| 7 | אַחֲרִית | אַחֲרִית | NOUN | Gender=Fem Number=Sing | 10 תוּגָֽה | nsubj | end |
| 8 | ָ֖הּ | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 אַחֲרִית | compound:smixut | its |
| 9 | שִׂמְחָ֣ה | שִׂמְחָה | NOUN | Gender=Fem Number=Sing | 8 ָ֖הּ | appos | joy |
| 10 | תוּגָֽה | תּוּגָה | NOUN | Gender=Fem Number=Sing | 4 יִכְאַב־ | conj | [may be] grief |
| 11 | ׃ | ׃ | PUNCT | _ | 10 תוּגָֽה | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- character
- speech
- inside a quote begun earlier
- negation
- no
| verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| יִכְאַב־ it is in pain | yiqtol · qal | לֵב a heart |
MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.
The Targum
אַף בְּגוּחֲכָא נִכְאַב לִבָּא וְסוֹפָא דְחֶדְוָתָא חֲמוּצָא:
The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.
English, JPS 1917
Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.
Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.
English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).
Hebrew sentence wlc:PRO:384.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PRO.14.13/