Proverbs 19:28 מִשְׁלֵי
Who acts: ungodly witness, mouth · What happens: mock, devour · To what, where: right, iniquity
This is Proverbs 19:28 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — ungodly witness, mouth — and what happens in the verse to right, iniquity, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of Proverbs on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.
עֵ֣ד בְּ֭לִיַּעַל יָלִ֣יץ מִשְׁפָּ֑ט וּפִ֥י רְ֝שָׁעִ֗ים יְבַלַּע־אָֽוֶן׃
An ungodly witness mocketh at right; and the mouth of the wicked devoureth iniquity.
The tree
Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation | gloss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | עֵ֣ד | עֵד | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 3 יָלִ֣יץ | nsubj | a witness |
| 2 | בְּ֭לִיַּעַל | בְּלִיַּעַל | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 1 עֵ֣ד | compound:smixut | of worthlessness |
| 3 | יָלִ֣יץ | לִיץ | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=3 | root | root | he mocks |
| 4 | מִשְׁפָּ֑ט | מִשְׁפָּט | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 3 יָלִ֣יץ | obj | justice |
| 5 | וּ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 8 יְבַלַּע־ | cc | and [the] |
| 6 | פִ֥י | פֶּה | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 8 יְבַלַּע־ | nsubj | mouth |
| 7 | רְ֝שָׁעִ֗ים | רָשָׁע | ADJ | Gender=Masc Number=Plur | 6 פִ֥י | compound:smixut | of wicked [people] |
| 8 | יְבַלַּע־ | בָּלַע | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Sing Person=3 | 3 יָלִ֣יץ | conj | it swallows up |
| 9 | אָֽוֶן | אָוֶן | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 8 יְבַלַּע־ | obj | wickedness |
| 10 | ׃ | ׃ | PUNCT | _ | 9 אָֽוֶן | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- character
- speech
- inside a quote begun earlier
- negation
- no
| verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| יָלִיץ he mocks | yiqtol · hiphil | מִשְׁפָּט justice | עֵד a witness | ||
| יְבַלַּע־ it swallows up | yiqtol · piel | פִי mouth | אָֽוֶן wickedness |
MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.
The Targum
סַהֲדָא רִגְלָאָה מְמַיֵק בְּדִינֵיהּ וּפוּמְהוֹן דְרַשִׁיעֵי מַפִּיק עָאֲתָא:
The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.
English, JPS 1917
Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.
Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.
English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).
Hebrew sentence wlc:PRO:552.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PRO.19.28/