Proverbs 31:18 מִשְׁלֵי
Who acts: heart, merchandise, lamp · What happens: perceive, be, not go out
This is Proverbs 31:18 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — heart, merchandise, lamp — and what happens in the verse, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of Proverbs on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.
טָ֭עֲמָה כִּי־ט֣וֹב סַחְרָ֑הּ לֹֽא־יִכְבֶּ֖ה בַלַּ֣יְלָה נֵרָֽהּ׃
She perceiveth that her merchandise is good; her lamp goeth not out by night.
The tree
Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation | gloss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | טָ֭עֲמָה | טָעַם | VERB | Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3 | root | root | she tastes |
| 2 | כִּי־ | כִּי | SCONJ | _ | 3 ט֣וֹב | mark | (dm) that |
| 3 | ט֣וֹב | טוֹב | ADJ | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 1 טָ֭עֲמָה | ccomp | [is] good |
| 4 | סַחְר | סַחַר | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 3 ט֣וֹב | nsubj | profit |
| 5 | ָ֑הּ | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 סַחְר | nmod:poss | her trading |
| 6 | לֹֽא־ | לֹא | ADV | _ | 7 יִכְבֶּ֖ה | advmod | not |
| 7 | יִכְבֶּ֖ה | כָּבָה | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3 | 1 טָ֭עֲמָה | parataxis | it is extinguished |
| 8 | בַ | בְּ | ADP | _ | 10 לַּ֣יְלָה | case | in |
| 9 | ה | הַ | DET | PronType=Art | 10 לַּ֣יְלָה | det | the |
| 10 | לַּ֣יְלָה | לַיְלָה | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 7 יִכְבֶּ֖ה | obl | night |
| 11 | נֵר | נֵר | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 7 יִכְבֶּ֖ה | nsubj | lamp |
| 12 | ָֽהּ | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 נֵר | nmod:poss | her |
| 13 | ׃ | ׃ | PUNCT | _ | 12 ָֽהּ | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- speech
- narration
- negation
- yes
| verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| טָעֲמָה she tastes | qatal · qal | טוֹב [is] good | |||
| not יִכְבֶּה it is extinguished | yiqtol · qal | נֵר lamp |
MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.
The Targum
וּטְעַמַת מְטוּל דְטָבְתָא תַגָרוּתָהּ וְלָא דָעֵךְ בְּלֵילְיָא שְׁרָגָהּ:
The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.
English, JPS 1917
Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.
Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.
English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).
Hebrew sentence wlc:PRO:901.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PRO.31.18/