Proverbs 4:18 מִשְׁלֵי
Who acts: path, light · What happens: be, shine
This is Proverbs 4:18 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — path, light — and what happens in the verse, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of Proverbs on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.
וְאֹ֣רַח צַ֭דִּיקִים כְּא֣וֹר נֹ֑גַהּ הוֹלֵ֥ךְ וָ֝א֗וֹר עַד־נְכ֥וֹן הַיּֽוֹם׃
The tree
Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation | gloss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | וְ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 5 א֣וֹר | cc | and [the] |
| 2 | אֹ֣רַח | אֹרַח | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 א֣וֹר | nsubj | path |
| 3 | צַ֭דִּיקִים | צַדִּיק | ADJ | Gender=Masc Number=Plur | 2 אֹ֣רַח | compound:smixut | of righteous [people] |
| 4 | כְּ | כְּ | ADP | _ | 5 א֣וֹר | case | [is] like |
| 5 | א֣וֹר | אוֹר | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root | a light |
| 6 | נֹ֑גַהּ | נֹגַהּ | NOUN | Gender=Fem Number=Sing | 5 א֣וֹר | compound:smixut | of brightness |
| 7 | הוֹלֵ֥ךְ | הָלַךְ | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing | 5 א֣וֹר | acl:relcl | [which] goes |
| 8 | וָ֝ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 9 א֗וֹר | cc | and [which] |
| 9 | א֗וֹר | אוֹר | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing | 7 הוֹלֵ֥ךְ | conj | shines |
| 10 | עַד־ | עַד | ADP | _ | 11 נְכ֥וֹן | case | until |
| 11 | נְכ֥וֹן | כּוּן | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Sing | 7 הוֹלֵ֥ךְ | advcl | the established [part] |
| 12 | הַ | הַ | DET | PronType=Art | 13 יּֽוֹם | det | of |
| 13 | יּֽוֹם | יוֹם | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 11 נְכ֥וֹן | compound:smixut | the day |
| 14 | ׃ | ׃ | PUNCT | _ | 13 יּֽוֹם | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- speech
- narration
- negation
- no
| verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| הוֹלֵךְ [which] goes | participle active · qal | אוֹר a light | |||
| אוֹר shines | participle active · qal | אוֹר a light |
MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.
The Targum
וְאָרְחָא דְצַדִיקֵי כִּנְהוֹרָא דְמַזְהַר וְאָזֵל נַהֲרֵיהּ עַד מָה דְתַקִין יוֹמָא:
The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.
English, JPS 1917
Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.
Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.
English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).
Hebrew sentence wlc:PRO:107.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PRO.4.18/