Psalms 106:38 תְּהִלִּים

Who acts: you, generations · What happens: shed, sacrifice, pollute · To what, where: innocent blood, daughters, land

This is Psalms 106:38 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — you, generations — and what happens in the verse to innocent blood, daughters, land, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 150 chapters of Psalms on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיִּֽשְׁפְּכ֨וּ דָ֪ם נָקִ֡י דַּם־בְּנֵ֘יהֶ֤ם וּֽבְנוֹתֵיהֶ֗ם אֲשֶׁ֣ר זִ֭בְּחוּ לַעֲצַבֵּ֣י כְנָ֑עַן וַתֶּחֱנַ֥ף הָ֝אָ֗רֶץ בַּדָּמִֽים׃

And shed innocent blood, even the blood of their sons and of their daughters, whom they sacrificed unto the idols of Canaan; and the land was polluted with blood.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יִּֽשְׁפְּכ֨וּ	cc	and
2	יִּֽשְׁפְּכ֨וּ	שָׁפַךְ	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	root	root	they shed
3	דָ֪ם	דָּם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 יִּֽשְׁפְּכ֨וּ	obj	blood
4	נָקִ֡י	נָקִי	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	3 דָ֪ם	amod	innocent
5	דַּם־	דָּם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	3 דָ֪ם	appos	the blood
6	בְּנֵ֘י	בֵּן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	5 דַּם־	compound:smixut	their sons
7	הֶ֤ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 בְּנֵ֘י	nmod:poss	their
8	וּֽ	וְ	CCONJ	_	9 בְנוֹתֵי	cc	and
9	בְנוֹתֵי	בַּת	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Plur	6 בְּנֵ֘י	conj	daughters
10	הֶ֗ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 בְנוֹתֵי	nmod:poss	their
11	אֲשֶׁ֣ר	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	12 זִ֭בְּחוּ	mark	whom
12	זִ֭בְּחוּ	זָבַח	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Plur Person=3	6 בְּנֵ֘י	acl:relcl	they sacrificed
13	לַ	לְ	ADP	_	14 עֲצַבֵּ֣י	case	to
14	עֲצַבֵּ֣י	עָצָב	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	12 זִ֭בְּחוּ	obl	the idols
15	כְנָ֑עַן	כְּנַעַן	PROPN	_	14 עֲצַבֵּ֣י	compound:smixut	of Canaan
16	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	17 תֶּחֱנַ֥ף	cc	and
17	תֶּחֱנַ֥ף	חָנֵף	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יִּֽשְׁפְּכ֨וּ	conj	it was polluted
18	הָ֝	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	19 אָ֗רֶץ	det	the
19	אָ֗רֶץ	אֶרֶץ	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 תֶּחֱנַ֥ף	nsubj	land
20	בַּ	בְּ	ADP	_	22 דָּמִֽים	case	by
21	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	22 דָּמִֽים	det	the
22	דָּמִֽים	דָּם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	17 תֶּחֱנַ֥ף	obl	blood(s)
23	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	22 דָּמִֽים	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יִּֽשְׁפְּכוּ they shed	wayyiqtol · qal		דָם blood
זִבְּחוּ they sacrificed	qatal · piel		בְּנֵי their sons + בְנוֹתֵי daughters
תֶּחֱנַף it was polluted	wayyiqtol · qal	אָרֶץ land

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

The Targum

וּשְׁדוּ אֲדַם זַכַּי דְמֵי בְנֵיהוֹן וּבְנָתֵיהוֹן דִי דַבַּחוּ לְטַעֲוָת דִכְנַעֲנָאֵי וְאִטַנְפַת אַרְעָא בְּחוֹבִין דִקְטוֹל:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And shed innocent blood, even the blood of their sons and of their daughters, whom they sacrificed unto the idols of Canaan; and the land was polluted with blood.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:PSA:1812.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.106.38/