Psalms 14:1 תְּהִלִּים

Who acts: fool, God, they, none · What happens: say, be, deal, do · To what, where: heart · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Psalms 14:1 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — fool, God, they, none — and what happens in the verse to heart, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 150 chapters of Psalms on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

לַמְנַצֵּ֗חַ לְדָ֫וִ֥דאָ֘מַ֤ר נָבָ֣ל בְּ֭לִבּוֹ אֵ֣ין אֱלֹהִ֑ים הִֽשְׁחִ֗יתוּ הִֽתְעִ֥יבוּ עֲלִילָ֗ה אֵ֣ין עֹֽשֵׂה־טֽוֹב׃

For the Leader. A Psalm of David. The fool hath said in his heart: 'There is no God'; they have dealt corruptly, they have done abominably; there is none that doeth good.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	לַ	לְ	ADP	_	3 מְנַצֵּ֗חַ	case	to
2	ה	הַ	SCONJ	_	3 מְנַצֵּ֗חַ	mark	the
3	מְנַצֵּ֗חַ	נָצַח	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Sing	root	root	choirmaster
4	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	5 דָ֫וִ֥ד	case	of
5	דָ֫וִ֥ד	דָּוִד	PROPN	_	3 מְנַצֵּ֗חַ	parataxis	David
6	אָ֘מַ֤ר	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	3 מְנַצֵּ֗חַ	parataxis	he says
7	נָבָ֣ל	נָבָל	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	6 אָ֘מַ֤ר	nsubj	a fool
8	בְּ֭	בְּ	ADP	_	9 לִבּ	case	in
9	לִבּ	לֵב	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	6 אָ֘מַ֤ר	obl	heart
10	וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 לִבּ	nmod:poss	his
11	אֵ֣ין	אַיִן	ADV	_	6 אָ֘מַ֤ר	ccomp	there [is] not
12	אֱלֹהִ֑ים	אֱלֹהִים	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	11 אֵ֣ין	nsubj	a god
13	הִֽשְׁחִ֗יתוּ	שָׁחַת	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Plur Person=3	6 אָ֘מַ֤ר	ccomp	they behave corruptly
14	הִֽתְעִ֥יבוּ	תַּעָב	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Plur Person=3	13 הִֽשְׁחִ֗יתוּ	parataxis	they do abominably
15	עֲלִילָ֗ה	עֲלִילָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	14 הִֽתְעִ֥יבוּ	obj	deed[s]
16	אֵ֣ין	אַיִן	ADV	_	13 הִֽשְׁחִ֗יתוּ	parataxis	there [is] not
17	עֹֽשֵׂה־	עָשָׂה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing	16 אֵ֣ין	nsubj	[one who] does
18	טֽוֹב	טוֹב	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	17 עֹֽשֵׂה־	compound:smixut	(of) good
19	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	18 טֽוֹב	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: yes
the frame alone: decl · assert · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	who makes it happen (AA)
not אָמַר he says	qatal · qal	נָבָל a fool	אֵין there [is] not
not הִֽשְׁחִיתוּ they behave corruptly	qatal · hiphil	נָבָל a fool
הִֽתְעִיבוּ they do abominably	qatal · hiphil	עֲלִילָה deed[s]		נָבָל a fool
עֹֽשֵׂה־ [one who] does	participle active · qal		טֽוֹב (of) good

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

The Targum

לְשַׁבָּחָא בְּרוּחַ נְבוּאָה עַל דָוִד אֲמַר שַׁטְיָא בִּלְבָבֵיהּ לֵית שׁוּלְטָנָא דֶאֱלָהָא בְאַרְעָא חֲבִילוּ עוֹבָדֵיהוֹן רָחֲקוּ טָבְתָא וְאַשְׁכָּחוּ עִלָא לֵית דַעֲבַד טָב:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:PSA:149.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.14.1/