Psalms 18:3 תְּהִלִּים

Who acts: LORD, I · What happens: be, take · To what, where: rock, refuge

This is Psalms 18:3 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — LORD, I — and what happens in the verse to rock, refuge, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 150 chapters of Psalms on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

יְהוָ֤ה ׀ סַֽלְעִ֥י וּמְצוּדָתִ֗י וּמְפַ֫לְטִ֥י אֵלִ֣י צ֭וּרִי אֶֽחֱסֶה־בּ֑וֹ מָֽגִנִּ֥י וְקֶֽרֶן־יִ֝שְׁעִ֗י מִשְׂגַּבִּֽי׃

The LORD is my rock, and my fortress, and my deliverer; my God, my rock, in Him I take refuge; my shield, and my horn of salvation, my high tower.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	יְהוָ֤ה	יהוה	PROPN	_	3 סַֽלְע	nsubj	Yahweh
2	׀	׀	PUNCT	_	1 יְהוָ֤ה	punct
3	סַֽלְע	סֶלַע	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	root	root	rock
4	ִ֥י	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	3 סַֽלְע	nmod:poss	[is] my
5	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	6 מְצוּדָת	cc	and
6	מְצוּדָת	מְצוּדָה	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 סַֽלְע	conj	stronghold
7	ִ֗י	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	6 מְצוּדָת	nmod:poss	my
8	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	9 מְפַ֫לְט	cc	and
9	מְפַ֫לְט	פָּלַט	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Sing	3 סַֽלְע	conj	deliverer
10	ִ֥י	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	9 מְפַ֫לְט	nmod:poss	my
11	אֵל	אֵל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	13 צ֭וּר	nsubj	God
12	ִ֣י	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	11 אֵל	nmod:poss	my
13	צ֭וּר	צוּר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	3 סַֽלְע	parataxis	rock
14	ִי	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	13 צ֭וּר	nmod:poss	[is] my
15	אֶֽחֱסֶה־	חָסָה	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=1	3 סַֽלְע	parataxis	I take refuge
16	בּ	בְּ	ADP	_	17 ֑וֹ	case	in
17	֑וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	15 אֶֽחֱסֶה־	obl	him
18	מָֽגִנּ	מָגֵן	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 סַֽלְע	parataxis	shield
19	ִ֥י	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	18 מָֽגִנּ	nmod:poss	my
20	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	21 קֶֽרֶן־	cc	and
21	קֶֽרֶן־	קֶרֶן	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 מָֽגִנּ	conj	the horn
22	יִ֝שְׁע	יֵשַׁע	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	21 קֶֽרֶן־	compound:smixut	my salvation
23	ִ֗י	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	22 יִ֝שְׁע	nmod:poss	my
24	מִשְׂגַּבּ	מִשְׂגָּב	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	18 מָֽגִנּ	conj	refuge
25	ִֽי	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	24 מִשְׂגַּבּ	nmod:poss	my
26	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	25 ִֽי	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	to whom, further (A2)	who makes it happen (AA)
אֶֽחֱסֶה־ I take refuge	yiqtol · qal

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

The Targum

יְיָ תּוּקְפִי וְרֻחְצָנִי וּמְשֵׁזִיב יָתִי אֱלָהָא דְאִתְרְעֵי בִּי קָרְבַנִי לִדְחַלְתֵּיהּ תְּרֵיסִי דְמִן קֳדָמוֹי אִתְיְהַב לִי תְקוֹף וּפוּרְקָן עַל בַּעֲלֵי דְבָבֵי רָחְצָנִי:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

The LORD is my rock, and my fortress, and my deliverer; my God, my rock, in Him I take refuge; my shield, and my horn of salvation, my high tower.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:PSA:189.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.18.3/