Psalms 18:8 תְּהִלִּים

Who acts: earth, foundations · What happens: shake, quake, tremble, be · To what, where: foundations

This is Psalms 18:8 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — earth, foundations — and what happens in the verse to foundations, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 150 chapters of Psalms on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַתִּגְעַ֬שׁ וַתִּרְעַ֨שׁ ׀ הָאָ֗רֶץ וּמוֹסְדֵ֣י הָרִ֣ים יִרְגָּ֑זוּ וַ֝יִּתְגָּֽעֲשׁ֗וּ כִּי־חָ֥רָה לֽוֹ׃

Then the earth did shake and quake, the foundations also of the mountains did tremble; they were shaken, because He was wroth.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 תִּגְעַ֬שׁ	cc	and
2	תִּגְעַ֬שׁ	גָּעַשׁ	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	it shook
3	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	4 תִּרְעַ֨שׁ	cc	and
4	תִּרְעַ֨שׁ	רָעַשׁ	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 תִּגְעַ֬שׁ	conj	it quaked
5	׀	׀	PUNCT	_	4 תִּרְעַ֨שׁ	punct
6	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	7 אָ֗רֶץ	det	the
7	אָ֗רֶץ	אֶרֶץ	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 תִּגְעַ֬שׁ	nsubj	earth
8	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	11 יִרְגָּ֑זוּ	cc	and [the]
9	מוֹסְדֵ֣י	מֹוסָד	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 יִרְגָּ֑זוּ	nsubj	foundations
10	הָרִ֣ים	הַר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	9 מוֹסְדֵ֣י	compound:smixut	of [the] mountains
11	יִרְגָּ֑זוּ	רָגַז	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	2 תִּגְעַ֬שׁ	conj	they trembled
12	וַ֝	וְ	CCONJ	_	13 יִּתְגָּֽעֲשׁ֗וּ	cc	and
13	יִּתְגָּֽעֲשׁ֗וּ	גָּעַשׁ	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HITHPAEL Number=Plur Person=3	2 תִּגְעַ֬שׁ	conj	they shook back and forth
14	כִּי־	כִּי	SCONJ	_	15 חָ֥רָה	mark	(dm)
15	חָ֥רָה	חָרָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 תִּגְעַ֬שׁ	advcl	it burned
16	ל	לְ	ADP	_	17 ֽוֹ	case	to
17	ֽוֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	15 חָ֥רָה	obl	him
18	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	17 ֽוֹ	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)
תִּגְעַשׁ it shook	wayyiqtol · qal	אָרֶץ earth
תִּרְעַשׁ it quaked	wayyiqtol · qal	אָרֶץ earth
יִרְגָּזוּ they trembled	yiqtol · qal	מוֹסְדֵי foundations
יִּתְגָּֽעֲשׁוּ they shook back and forth	wayyiqtol · hithpael	מוֹסְדֵי foundations
חָרָה it burned	qatal · qal

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

The Targum

וְאִתְרְגִיפַת וְאִתְרְגִישַׁת אַרְעָא וְאֻשְׁיָת טוּרַיָא זְעוּ וְאִתְרְטִישׁוּ מְטוּל דִתְקֵיף לֵיהּ:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Then the earth did shake and quake, the foundations also of the mountains did tremble; they were shaken, because He was wroth.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:PSA:194.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.18.8/