Psalms 37:20 תְּהִלִּים
Who acts: wicked, enemies · What happens: perish, be, pass away · To what, where: smoke
This is Psalms 37:20 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — wicked, enemies — and what happens in the verse to smoke, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 150 chapters of Psalms on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.
כִּ֤י רְשָׁעִ֨ים ׀ יֹאבֵ֗דוּ וְאֹיְבֵ֣י יְ֭הוָה כִּיקַ֣ר כָּרִ֑ים כָּל֖וּ בֶעָשָׁ֣ן כָּֽלוּ׃
The tree
Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation | gloss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | כִּ֤י | כִּי | SCONJ | _ | 4 יֹאבֵ֗דוּ | mark | (dm) |
| 2 | רְשָׁעִ֨ים | רָשָׁע | ADJ | Gender=Masc Number=Plur | 4 יֹאבֵ֗דוּ | nsubj | wicked [people] |
| 3 | ׀ | ׀ | PUNCT | _ | 2 רְשָׁעִ֨ים | punct | |
| 4 | יֹאבֵ֗דוּ | אָבַד | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3 | root | root | they will perish |
| 5 | וְ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 9 יקַ֣ר | cc | and |
| 6 | אֹיְבֵ֣י | אָיַב | NOUN | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur | 9 יקַ֣ר | nsubj | the enemies |
| 7 | יְ֭הוָה | יהוה | PROPN | _ | 6 אֹיְבֵ֣י | compound:smixut | of Yahweh |
| 8 | כִּ | כְּ | ADP | _ | 9 יקַ֣ר | case | [will |
| 9 | יקַ֣ר | יָקָר | ADJ | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 4 יֹאבֵ֗דוּ | conj | be] like a splendid [thing] |
| 10 | כָּרִ֑ים | כַּר | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Plur | 9 יקַ֣ר | compound:smixut | of pastures |
| 11 | כָּל֖וּ | כָּלָה | VERB | Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3 | 4 יֹאבֵ֗דוּ | parataxis | they will come to an end |
| 12 | בֶ | בְּ | ADP | _ | 14 עָשָׁ֣ן | case | in |
| 13 | ה | הַ | DET | PronType=Art | 14 עָשָׁ֣ן | det | (the) |
| 14 | עָשָׁ֣ן | עָשָׁן | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 15 כָּֽלוּ | obl | smoke |
| 15 | כָּֽלוּ | כָּלָה | VERB | Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3 | 4 יֹאבֵ֗דוּ | parataxis | they will come to an end |
| 16 | ׃ | ׃ | PUNCT | _ | 15 כָּֽלוּ | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- speech
- narration
- negation
- no
| verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| יֹאבֵדוּ they will perish | yiqtol · qal | רְשָׁעִים wicked [people] | |||
| כָּלוּ they will come to an end | qatal · qal | רְשָׁעִים wicked [people] + אֹיְבֵי the enemies | |||
| כָּֽלוּ they will come to an end | qatal · qal | רְשָׁעִים wicked [people] + אֹיְבֵי the enemies |
MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.
The Targum
אֲרוּם רַשִׁיעַיָא יֵיבְדוּן וּבַעֲלֵי דְבָבַיָא דַייָ הֵיךְ יְקַר פַּלְגִיסִין דְמִין אַוְלָא מִתְפַּטְמִין וְסוֹפֵיהוֹן מִתְנַכְסִין הֵיכְנָא רַשִׁיעֵי יְסוּפוּן וּבִתְנָן גֵהִנָם יִגְמְרוּן:
The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.
English, JPS 1917
Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.
Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.
English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).
Hebrew sentence wlc:PSA:547.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.37.20/