Psalms 40:13 תְּהִלִּים

Who acts: innumerable evils, iniquities, I, heart · What happens: compass, overtake, not be, look up, be, fail · To what, where: me

This is Psalms 40:13 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — innumerable evils, iniquities, I, heart — and what happens in the verse to me, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 150 chapters of Psalms on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

כִּ֤י אָפְפ֥וּ־עָלַ֨י ׀ רָע֡וֹת עַד־אֵ֬ין מִסְפָּ֗ר הִשִּׂיג֣וּנִי עֲ֭וֺנֹתַי וְלֹא־יָכֹ֣לְתִּי לִרְא֑וֹת עָצְמ֥וּ מִשַּֽׂעֲר֥וֹת רֹ֝אשִׁ֗י וְלִבִּ֥י עֲזָבָֽנִי׃

For innumerable evils have compassed me about, mine iniquities have overtaken me, so that I am not able to look up; they are more than the hairs of my head, and my heart hath failed me.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	כִּ֤י	כִּי	SCONJ	_	2 אָפְפ֥וּ־	mark	(dm)
2	אָפְפ֥וּ־	אָפַף	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	root	root	they have encompassed
3	עָל	עַל	ADP	_	4 ַ֨י	case	(on)
4	ַ֨י	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	2 אָפְפ֥וּ־	obl	me
5	׀	׀	PUNCT	_	4 ַ֨י	punct
6	רָע֡וֹת	רָעָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Plur	2 אָפְפ֥וּ־	nsubj	troubles
7	עַד־	עַד	ADP	_	8 אֵ֬ין	case	until
8	אֵ֬ין	אַיִן	ADV	_	6 רָע֡וֹת	nmod	there [was] not
9	מִסְפָּ֗ר	מִסְפָּר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	8 אֵ֬ין	nsubj	number
10	הִשִּׂיג֣וּ	נָשַׂג	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Plur Person=3	2 אָפְפ֥וּ־	parataxis	they
11	נִי	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	10 הִשִּׂיג֣וּ	obj	have overtaken me
12	עֲ֭וֺנֹת	עָוֺן	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 הִשִּׂיג֣וּ	nsubj	iniquities
13	ַי	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	12 עֲ֭וֺנֹת	nmod:poss	my
14	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	16 יָכֹ֣לְתִּי	cc	and
15	לֹא־	לֹא	ADV	_	16 יָכֹ֣לְתִּי	advmod	not
16	יָכֹ֣לְתִּי	יָכֹל	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=1	2 אָפְפ֥וּ־	conj	I am able
17	לִ	לְ	ADP	_	18 רְא֑וֹת	case	to
18	רְא֑וֹת	רָאָה	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	16 יָכֹ֣לְתִּי	xcomp	see
19	עָצְמ֥וּ	עָצֹם	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	2 אָפְפ֥וּ־	parataxis	they are numerous
20	מִ	מִן	ADP	_	21 שַּֽׂעֲר֥וֹת	case	more
21	שַּֽׂעֲר֥וֹת	שַׂעֲרָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Plur	19 עָצְמ֥וּ	obl	than the hairs
22	רֹ֝אשׁ	רֹאשׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	21 שַּֽׂעֲר֥וֹת	compound:smixut	my head
23	ִ֗י	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	22 רֹ֝אשׁ	nmod:poss	my
24	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	27 עֲזָב	cc	and
25	לִבּ	לֵב	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	27 עֲזָב	nsubj	heart
26	ִ֥י	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	25 לִבּ	nmod:poss	my
27	עֲזָב	עָזַב	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 אָפְפ֥וּ־	conj	it
28	ָֽנִי	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	27 עֲזָב	obj	has abandoned me
29	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	28 ָֽנִי	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: yes

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	who makes it happen (AA)
אָפְפוּ־ they have encompassed	qatal · qal	רָעוֹת troubles
הִשִּׂיגוּ they	qatal · hiphil	נִי have overtaken me		עֲוֺנֹת iniquities
not יָכֹלְתִּי I am able	qatal · qal
רְאוֹת see	infinitive construct · qal
עָצְמוּ they are numerous	qatal · qal	רָעוֹת troubles + עֲוֺנֹת iniquities
עֲזָב it	qatal · qal	לִבּ heart	ָֽנִי has abandoned me

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

The Targum

אֲרוּם תַּקִיפִין עֲלַי בִּישִׁין עַד דְלֵית מִנְיָן אַדְבִּיקוּ יָתִי חוֹבַי וְלָא יְכֵלִית לְמֶחֱמֵי תְּקַפוּ מִן בִּינְתֵי רֵישֵׁי וְרַעְיוֹנַי שַׁבְקוּנִי:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

For innumerable evils have compassed me about, mine iniquities have overtaken me, so that I am not able to look up; they are more than the hairs of my head, and my heart hath failed me.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:PSA:617.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.40.13/