Song of Songs 3:8 שִׁיר הַשִּׁירִים
Who acts: men, man · What happens: handle, be, have · To what, where: sword, war
This is Song of Songs 3:8 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — men, man — and what happens in the verse to sword, war, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 8 chapters of Song of Songs on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.
כֻּלָּם֙אֲחֻ֣זֵי חֶ֔רֶב מְלֻמְּדֵ֖י מִלְחָמָ֑ה אִ֤ישׁ חַרְבּוֹ֙ עַל־יְרֵכ֔וֹ מִפַּ֖חַד בַּלֵּילּֽוֹת׃
The tree
Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation | gloss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | כֻּלּ | כֹּל | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 3 אֲחֻ֣זֵי | nsubj | of them |
| 2 | ָם֙ | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 1 כֻּלּ | nmod:poss | all |
| 3 | אֲחֻ֣זֵי | אָחַז | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur | root | root | [are] grasped |
| 4 | חֶ֔רֶב | חֶרֶב | NOUN | Gender=Fem Number=Sing | 3 אֲחֻ֣זֵי | compound:smixut | of a sword |
| 5 | מְלֻמְּדֵ֖י | לָמַד | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PUAL Number=Plur | 3 אֲחֻ֣זֵי | conj | trained |
| 6 | מִלְחָמָ֑ה | מִלְחָמָה | NOUN | Gender=Fem Number=Sing | 5 מְלֻמְּדֵ֖י | compound:smixut | of warfare |
| 7 | אִ֤ישׁ | אִישׁ | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 3 אֲחֻ֣זֵי | parataxis | each one |
| 8 | חַרְבּ | חֶרֶב | NOUN | Gender=Fem Number=Sing | 7 אִ֤ישׁ | obj | sword |
| 9 | וֹ֙ | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 חַרְבּ | nmod:poss | his |
| 10 | עַל־ | עַל | ADP | _ | 11 יְרֵכ | case | [is] on |
| 11 | יְרֵכ | יָרֵךְ | NOUN | Gender=Fem Number=Sing | 7 אִ֤ישׁ | obl | thigh |
| 12 | ֔וֹ | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 יְרֵכ | nmod:poss | his |
| 13 | מִ | מִן | ADP | _ | 14 פַּ֖חַד | case | from |
| 14 | פַּ֖חַד | פַּחַד | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 7 אִ֤ישׁ | obl | dread |
| 15 | בַּ | בְּ | ADP | _ | 17 לֵּילּֽוֹת | case | in |
| 16 | ה | הַ | DET | PronType=Art | 17 לֵּילּֽוֹת | det | the |
| 17 | לֵּילּֽוֹת | לַיְלָה | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Plur | 14 פַּ֖חַד | nmod | nights |
| 18 | ׃ | ׃ | PUNCT | _ | 17 לֵּילּֽוֹת | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- character
- speech
- inside a quote begun earlier
- negation
- no
| verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| אֲחֻזֵי [are] grasped | participle passive · qal | ||||
| מְלֻמְּדֵי trained | participle passive · pual |
MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.
The Targum
וְכָהֲנַיָּא וְלֵיוָאֵי וְכָל שִׁבְטַיָּא דְּיִשְׂרָאֵל כּוּלְּהוֹן אֲחִידִין בְּפִתְגָמֵי אוֹרָיְתָא דִּמְתִילִין לְחַרְבָּא וְשָׁקְלָן וְטָרַן בְּהוֹן כְּגִבָּרִין מְאַלְּפֵי קְרָבָא וְכָל חַד וְחַד מִנְּהוֹן חֲתִימַת מִילָה עַל בִּסְרֵיהּ הֵיכְמָא דְּאִתְחְתֵימַת בְּבִסְרֵיהּ דְּאַבְרָהָם וּמִתְגַּבְּרִין בַּהּ כִּגְבַר דְּחַרְבָּא חֲגִירָא עַל יִרְכֵּיהּ וּבְגִין כֵּן לָא דָחֲלִין מִן מַזִּיקַיָּא וּטְלַנֵי דְּאָזְלִין בְּלֵילְיָא:
The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.
English, JPS 1917
Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.
Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.
English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).
Hebrew sentence wlc:SNG:41.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/SNG.3.8/