Ecclesiastes 10:20 · JPS 1917
Curse not the king, no, not in thy thought, and curse not the rich in thy bedchamber; for a bird of the air shall carry the voice, and that which hath wings shall tell the matter.
Who acts: you, bird, that, thy · What happens: not curse, carry, have, tell, think · To what, where: king, thought, rich, bedchamber, voice, wings · Speech: someone speaks here
This is Ecclesiastes 10:20 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, bird, that, thy), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Curse | curse | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 2 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 1 Curse | advmod |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 king | det |
| 4 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Curse | obj |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 no | punct |
| 6 | no | no | INTJ | Polarity=Neg | 1 Curse | discourse |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 thought | punct |
| 8 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 11 thought | advmod |
| 9 | in | in | ADP | _ | 11 thought | case |
| 10 | thy | thy | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 11 thought | nmod:poss |
| 11 | thought | thought | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Curse | obl |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 curse | punct |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 curse | cc |
| 14 | curse | curse | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 1 Curse | conj |
| 15 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 14 curse | advmod |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 rich | det |
| 17 | rich | rich | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 curse | obj |
| 18 | in | in | ADP | _ | 20 bedchamber | case |
| 19 | thy | thy | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 20 bedchamber | nmod:poss |
| 20 | bedchamber | bedchamber | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 curse | obl |
| 21 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 29 carry | punct |
| 22 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 29 carry | mark |
| 23 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 24 bird | det |
| 24 | bird | bird | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 carry | nsubj |
| 25 | of | of | ADP | _ | 27 air | case |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 air | det |
| 27 | air | air | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 bird | nmod |
| 28 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 29 carry | aux |
| 29 | carry | carry | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 1 Curse | parataxis |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 voice | det |
| 31 | voice | voice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 carry | obj |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 39 tell | punct |
| 33 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 39 tell | cc |
| 34 | that | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 39 tell | nsubj |
| 35 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 36 hath | nsubj |
| 36 | hath | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 34 that | acl:relcl |
| 37 | wings | wing | NOUN | Number=Plur | 36 hath | obj |
| 38 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 39 tell | aux |
| 39 | tell | tell | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 29 carry | conj |
| 40 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 41 matter | det |
| 41 | matter | matter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 tell | obj |
| 42 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 1 Curse | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- command
- act
- request
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- pos
- teacher
- changed act=request
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not curse | imperative | you not said here | the king | thy thought | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent king=Theme | |||
| 2 | not curse | infinitive | you not said here | the rich | thy bedchamber | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rich=Theme | |||
| 3 | carry | shall | a bird of the air | the voice | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent voice=Theme | ||||
| 4 | have | present | wings | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wing=Patient | |||||
| 5 | tell speech: assert | shall | that | the matter | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent matter=Recipient | ||||
| 6 | think | thy | nom thought «cognition transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
גַּ֣ם בְּמַדָּֽעֲךָ֗ מֶ֚לֶךְ אַל־תְּקַלֵּ֔ל וּבְחַדְרֵי֙ מִשְׁכָּ֣בְךָ֔ אַל־תְּקַלֵּ֖ל עָשִׁ֑יר כִּ֣י ע֤וֹף הַשָּׁמַ֙יִם֙ יוֹלִ֣יךְ אֶת־הַקּ֔וֹל וּבַ֥עַל כְּנָפַ֖יִם יַגֵּ֥יד דָּבָֽר׃
Ecclesiastes 10:20: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:ECC:207 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/ECC.207/