Esther 9:22 · JPS 1917
the days wherein the Jews had rest from their enemies, and the month which was turned unto them from sorrow to gladness, and from mourning into a good day; that they should make them days of feasting and gladness, and of sending portions one to another, and gifts to the poor.
Who acts: Jews · What happens: have, turn, make, send · To what, where: rest, enemies, month, sorrow, portions
This is Esther 9:22 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Jews), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 days | det |
| 2 | days | day | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
| 3 | wherein | wherein | ADV | PronType=Rel | 6 had | advmod |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 Jews | det |
| 5 | Jews | Jew | PROPN | Number=Plur | 6 had | nsubj |
| 6 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 days | acl:relcl |
| 7 | rest | rest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 had | obj |
| 8 | from | from | ADP | _ | 10 enemies | case |
| 9 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 10 enemies | nmod:poss |
| 10 | enemies | enemy | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 rest | nmod |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 month | punct |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 month | cc |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 month | det |
| 14 | month | month | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 days | conj |
| 15 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 17 turned | nsubj:pass |
| 16 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 17 turned | aux:pass |
| 17 | turned | turn | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 14 month | acl:relcl |
| 18 | unto | unto | ADP | _ | 19 them | case |
| 19 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 17 turned | obl |
| 20 | from | from | ADP | _ | 21 sorrow | case |
| 21 | sorrow | sorrow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 turned | obl |
| 22 | to | to | ADP | _ | 23 gladness | case |
| 23 | gladness | gladness | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 sorrow | nmod |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 mourning | punct |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 mourning | cc |
| 26 | from | from | ADP | _ | 27 mourning | case |
| 27 | mourning | mourning | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 turned | conj |
| 28 | into | into | ADP | _ | 31 day | case |
| 29 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 31 day | det |
| 30 | good | good | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 31 day | amod |
| 31 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 mourning | obl |
| 32 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 36 make | punct |
| 33 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 36 make | mark |
| 34 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 36 make | nsubj |
| 35 | should | should | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 36 make | aux |
| 36 | make | make | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 2 days | acl |
| 37 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 36 make | obj |
| 38 | days | day | NOUN | Number=Plur | 36 make | obj |
| 39 | of | of | ADP | _ | 40 feasting | case |
| 40 | feasting | feasting | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 days | nmod |
| 41 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 42 gladness | cc |
| 42 | gladness | gladness | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 feasting | conj |
| 43 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 46 sending | punct |
| 44 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 46 sending | cc |
| 45 | of | of | ADP | _ | 46 sending | case |
| 46 | sending | send | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 36 make | conj |
| 47 | portions | portion | NOUN | Number=Plur | 46 sending | obj |
| 48 | one | one | PRON | _ | 47 portions | nmod |
| 49 | to | to | ADP | _ | 50 another | case |
| 50 | another | another | PRON | PronType=Ind | 48 one | nmod |
| 51 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 53 gifts | punct |
| 52 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 53 gifts | cc |
| 53 | gifts | gift | NOUN | Number=Plur | 47 portions | conj |
| 54 | to | to | ADP | _ | 56 poor | case |
| 55 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 56 poor | det |
| 56 | poor | poor | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 53 gifts | nmod |
| 57 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 days | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- narrate
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed polarity=none
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | past | the Jews | rest | Jews's enemies | wherein property | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rest=Patient | ||
| 2 | turn | past · passive | the month | sorrow to gladness | unto Jews = jew | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: subject=Theme from sorrow=Trajectory | |||
| 3 | make | should | Jews = jew | enemies = enemy | day | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset they=Product | |||
| 4 | send | gerund | Jews = jew not said here | portions one and gifts to the poor | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent portion=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
כַּיָּמִ֗ים אֲשֶׁר־נָ֨חוּ בָהֶ֤ם הַיְּהוּדִים֙ מֵא֣וֹיְבֵיהֶ֔ם וְהַחֹ֗דֶשׁ אֲשֶׁר֩ נֶהְפַּ֨ךְ לָהֶ֤ם מִיָּגוֹן֙ לְשִׂמְחָ֔ה וּמֵאֵ֖בֶל לְי֣וֹם ט֑וֹב לַעֲשׂ֣וֹת אוֹתָ֗ם יְמֵי֙ מִשְׁתֶּ֣ה וְשִׂמְחָ֔ה וּמִשְׁל֤וֹחַ מָנוֹת֙ אִ֣ישׁ לְרֵעֵ֔הוּ וּמַתָּנ֖וֹת לָֽאֶבְיוֹנִֽים׃
Esther 9:22: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:EST:168 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/EST.168/