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home / corpora / Tanakh / Ketuvim / Esther / chapter 4 / 4:1 / JPS 1

Esther 4:1 · JPS 1917

Now when Mordecai knew all that was done, Mordecai rent his clothes, and put on sackcloth with ashes, and went out into the midst of the city, and cried with a loud and a bitter cry;

Who acts: Mordecai · What happens: know, do, rend, put on, go out, cry · To what, where: all, clothes, sackcloth, midst

This is Esther 4:1 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Mordecai), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

The tree

advmodmarknsubjadvclobjnsubj:passaux:passacl:relclpunctnsubjnmod:possobjpunctccconjcompound:prtobjcaseoblpunctccconjadvmodcasedetoblcasedetnmodpunctccconjcasedetamodccdetconjoblpunctrootNowADVwhenSCONJMordecaiPROPNknewVERBallPRONthatPRONwasAUXdoneVERB,PUNCTMordecaiPROPNrentVERBhisPRONclothesNOUN,PUNCTandCCONJputVERBonADPsackclothNOUNwithADPashesNOUN,PUNCTandCCONJwentVERBoutADVintoADPtheDETmidstNOUNofADPtheDETcityNOUN,PUNCTandCCONJcriedVERBwithADPaDETloudADJandCCONJaDETbitterADJcryNOUN;PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1NownowADVPronType=Dem11 rentadvmod
2whenwhenSCONJ_4 knewmark
3MordecaiMordecaiPROPNNumber=Sing4 knewnsubj
4knewknowVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin11 rentadvcl
5allallPRONPronType=Tot4 knewobj
6thatthatPRONPronType=Rel8 donensubj:pass
7wasbeAUXMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin8 doneaux:pass
8donedoVERBTense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass5 allacl:relcl
9,,PUNCT_4 knewpunct
10MordecaiMordecaiPROPNNumber=Sing11 rentnsubj
11rentrendVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Finrootroot
12hishisPRONCase=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs13 clothesnmod:poss
13clothesclothesNOUNNumber=Ptan11 rentobj
14,,PUNCT_16 putpunct
15andandCCONJ_16 putcc
16putputVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin11 rentconj
17ononADP_16 putcompound:prt
18sackclothsackclothNOUNNumber=Sing16 putobj
19withwithADP_20 ashescase
20ashesashNOUNNumber=Plur16 putobl
21,,PUNCT_23 wentpunct
22andandCCONJ_23 wentcc
23wentgoVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin11 rentconj
24outoutADV_23 wentadvmod
25intointoADP_27 midstcase
26thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art27 midstdet
27midstmidstNOUNNumber=Sing23 wentobl
28ofofADP_30 citycase
29thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art30 citydet
30citycityNOUNNumber=Sing27 midstnmod
31,,PUNCT_33 criedpunct
32andandCCONJ_33 criedcc
33criedcryVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin11 rentconj
34withwithADP_40 crycase
35aaDETDefinite=Ind PronType=Art40 crydet
36loudloudADJDegree=Pos40 cryamod
37andandCCONJ_39 bittercc
38aaDETDefinite=Ind PronType=Art39 bitterdet
39bitterbitterADJDegree=Pos36 loudconj
40crycryNOUNNumber=Sing33 criedobl
41;;PUNCT_11 rentpunct

Pragmatics

form
statement
act
narrate
voice
narrator
polarity
none
teacher
kept the draft
#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1knowpastMordecaiallvn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer all=Stimulus
2dopast · passivevn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Eventuality
3rendpastMordecaiMordecai's clothesnowvn break-45.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent clothes=Patient
4put onpastMordecai not said heresackclothwith ashesvn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent sackcloth=Goal
5go outpastMordecai not said herethe midst of the cityout propertyvn interact-36.6 «NP V»: agent=Agent
6cry speech: expresspastMordecai not said herewith a loud cryvn sound_emission-43.2 «NP.location V PP.theme»: agent=Location with cry=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The Hebrew of this verse

וּמָרְדֳּכַ֗י יָדַע֙ אֶת־כָּל־אֲשֶׁ֣ר נַעֲשָׂ֔ה וַיִּקְרַ֤ע מָרְדֳּכַי֙ אֶת־בְּגָדָ֔יו וַיִּלְבַּ֥שׁ שַׂ֖ק וָאֵ֑פֶר וַיֵּצֵא֙ בְּת֣וֹךְ הָעִ֔יר וַיִּזְעַ֛ק זְעָקָ֥ה גְדֹלָ֖ה וּמָרָֽה׃

Esther 4:1: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →

Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:EST:63 of Mova's parse database.

The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/EST.63/