Proverbs 20:4 · JPS 1917
The sluggard will not plow when winter setteth in; therefore he shall beg in harvest, and have nothing.
Who acts: sluggard, winter · What happens: not plow, set in, beg, have · To what, where: harvest, nothing
This is Proverbs 20:4 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sluggard, winter), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 sluggard | det |
| 2 | sluggard | sluggard | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 plow | nsubj |
| 3 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 5 plow | aux |
| 4 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 5 plow | advmod |
| 5 | plow | plow | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 6 | when | when | SCONJ | _ | 8 setteth | mark |
| 7 | winter | winter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 setteth | nsubj |
| 8 | setteth | set | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 plow | advcl |
| 9 | in | in | ADP | _ | 8 setteth | compound:prt |
| 10 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 14 beg | punct |
| 11 | therefore | therefore | ADV | _ | 14 beg | advmod |
| 12 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 beg | nsubj |
| 13 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 14 beg | aux |
| 14 | beg | beg | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 plow | parataxis |
| 15 | in | in | ADP | _ | 16 harvest | case |
| 16 | harvest | harvest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 beg | obl |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 have | punct |
| 18 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 have | cc |
| 19 | have | have | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 14 beg | conj |
| 20 | nothing | nothing | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Neg | 19 have | obj |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 plow | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- character
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed voice=character
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not plow | future | the sluggard | vn wipe_instr-10.4.2-1 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | set in | present | winter | vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | |||||
| 3 | beg speech: request | shall | sluggard | harvest | therefore property | vn beg-58.2-1-1 «NP V PP.Topic»: agent=Agent | |||
| 4 | have | infinitive | sluggard not said here | nothing | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nothing=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
מֵ֭חֹרֶף עָצֵ֣ל לֹא־יַחֲרֹ֑שׁ וְשָׁאַ֖ל בַּקָּצִ֣יר וָאָֽיִן׃
Proverbs 20:4: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:PRO:562 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/PRO.562/