Proverbs 28:14 · JPS 1917
Happy is the man that feareth alway; but he that hardeneth his heart shall fall into evil.
Who acts: man · What happens: be, fear, harden, fall · To what, where: heart, evil
This is Proverbs 28:14 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Happy | happy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 1 Happy | cop |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 man | det |
| 4 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Happy | nsubj |
| 5 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 6 feareth | nsubj |
| 6 | feareth | fear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 man | acl:relcl |
| 7 | alway | alway | ADV | _ | 6 feareth | advmod |
| 8 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 1 Happy | punct |
| 9 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 16 fall | cc |
| 10 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 fall | nsubj |
| 11 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 12 hardeneth | nsubj |
| 12 | hardeneth | harden | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 10 he | acl:relcl |
| 13 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 14 heart | nmod:poss |
| 14 | heart | heart | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 hardeneth | obj |
| 15 | shall | shall | AUX | Mood=Ind VerbForm=Fin | 16 fall | aux |
| 16 | fall | fall | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 1 Happy | conj |
| 17 | into | into | ADP | _ | 18 evil | case |
| 18 | evil | evil | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 fall | obl |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 1 Happy | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed act=assert
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | the man | happy property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | fear | present | the man | alway property | vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | ||||
| 3 | harden | present | man's heart | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent heart=Patient | |||||
| 4 | fall | shall | man | into evil result | vn become-109.1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient into evil=Result |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
אַשְׁרֵ֣י אָ֭דָם מְפַחֵ֣ד תָּמִ֑יד וּמַקְשֶׁ֥ה לִ֝בּ֗וֹ יִפּ֥וֹל בְּרָעָֽה׃
Proverbs 28:14: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:PRO:818 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/PRO.818/