Song of Songs 2:8 · JPS 1917
Hark! my beloved! behold, he cometh, leaping upon the mountains, skipping upon the hills.
Who acts: hand · What happens: come, leap, skip · To what, where: mountains, hills
This is Song of Songs 2:8 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (hand), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Hark | hark | INTJ | _ | 9 cometh | discourse |
| 2 | ! | ! | PUNCT | _ | 1 Hark | punct |
| 3 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 4 beloved | nmod:poss |
| 4 | beloved | beloved | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 cometh | vocative |
| 5 | ! | ! | PUNCT | _ | 4 beloved | punct |
| 6 | behold | behold | INTJ | _ | 9 cometh | discourse |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 behold | punct |
| 8 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 cometh | nsubj |
| 9 | cometh | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 leaping | punct |
| 11 | leaping | leap | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 9 cometh | advcl |
| 12 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 14 mountains | case |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 mountains | det |
| 14 | mountains | mountain | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 leaping | obl |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 skipping | punct |
| 16 | skipping | skip | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 11 leaping | conj |
| 17 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 19 hills | case |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 hills | det |
| 19 | hills | hill | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 skipping | obl |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 9 cometh | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | come | present | hand | my beloved vocative | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 2 | leap | gerund | hand not said here | the mountains | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme upon mountain=Trajectory | ||||
| 3 | skip | gerund | hand not said here | the hills | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme upon hill=Trajectory |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
ק֣וֹל דּוֹדִ֔י הִנֵּה־זֶ֖ה בָּ֑א מְדַלֵּג֙ עַל־הֶ֣הָרִ֔ים מְקַפֵּ֖ץ עַל־הַגְּבָעֽוֹת׃
Song of Songs 2:8: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:SNG:25 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/SNG.25/