1 Samuel 11:1 שְׁמוּאֵל א

Who acts: Nahash, men, we · What happens: come up, encamp, say, make, serve · To what, where: covenant, thee · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is 1 Samuel 11:1 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Nahash, men, we — and what happens in the verse to covenant, thee, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיַּ֗עַל נָחָשׁ֙ הָֽעַמּוֹנִ֔י וַיִּ֖חַן עַל־יָבֵ֣שׁ גִּלְעָ֑ד יָבֵ֣שׁ גִּלְעָ֑ד וַיֹּ֨אמְר֜וּ כָּל־אַנְשֵׁ֤י יָבֵישׁ֙ אֶל־נָחָ֔שׁ כְּרָת־לָ֥נוּ בְרִ֖ית וְנַעַבְדֶֽךָּ׃

Then Nahash the Ammonite came up, and encamped against Jabesh-gilead; and all the men of Jabesh said unto Nahash: 'Make a covenant with us, and we will serve thee.'

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יַּ֗עַל	cc	and
2	יַּ֗עַל	עָלָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he went up
3	נָחָשׁ֙	נָחָשׁ	PROPN	_	2 יַּ֗עַל	nsubj	Nahash
4	הָֽ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	5 עַמּוֹנִ֔י	det	the
5	עַמּוֹנִ֔י	עַמּוֹנִי	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	3 נָחָשׁ֙	appos	Ammonite
6	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	7 יִּ֖חַן	cc	and
7	יִּ֖חַן	חָנָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יַּ֗עַל	conj	he encamped
8	עַל־	עַל	ADP	_	9 יָבֵ֣שׁ	case	on
9	יָבֵ֣שׁ	יָבֵישׁ	PROPN	_	7 יִּ֖חַן	obl	Jabesh
10	גִּלְעָ֑ד	_	PROPN	_	9 יָבֵ֣שׁ	flat:name
11	יָבֵ֣שׁ	גִּלְעָד	PROPN	_	9 יָבֵ֣שׁ	nmod	Gilead
12	גִּלְעָ֑ד	_	PROPN	_	11 יָבֵ֣שׁ	flat:name
13	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	14 יֹּ֨אמְר֜וּ	cc	and
14	יֹּ֨אמְר֜וּ	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	2 יַּ֗עַל	conj	they said
15	כָּל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	14 יֹּ֨אמְר֜וּ	nsubj	all
16	אַנְשֵׁ֤י	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	15 כָּל־	compound:smixut	the men
17	יָבֵישׁ֙	יָבֵישׁ	PROPN	_	16 אַנְשֵׁ֤י	compound:smixut	of Jabesh
18	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	19 נָחָ֔שׁ	case	to
19	נָחָ֔שׁ	נָחָשׁ	PROPN	_	14 יֹּ֨אמְר֜וּ	obl	Nahash
20	כְּרָת־	כָּרַת	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=2	14 יֹּ֨אמְר֜וּ	ccomp	make
21	ל	לְ	ADP	_	22 ָ֥נוּ	case	to
22	ָ֥נוּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	20 כְּרָת־	obl	us
23	בְרִ֖ית	בְּרִית	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	20 כְּרָת־	obj	a covenant
24	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	25 נַעַבְד	cc	and
25	נַעַבְד	עָבַד	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=1	20 כְּרָת־	conj	we
26	ֶֽךָּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	25 נַעַבְד	obj	will serve you
27	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	26 ֶֽךָּ	punct

Pragmatics

form: command
act: request
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: no
the frame alone: decl · narrate · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יַּעַל he went up	wayyiqtol · qal	נָחָשׁ Nahash
יִּחַן he encamped	wayyiqtol · qal	נָחָשׁ Nahash
יֹּאמְרוּ they said	wayyiqtol · qal	כָּל־ all
כְּרָת־ make	imperative · qal	אֶל־ to	ל to
נַעַבְד we	yiqtol · qal	כָּל־ all

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וּסְלֵיק נָחָשׁ מַלְכָּא דִבְנֵי עַמוֹן וּשְׁרָא עַל יָבֵשׁ גִלְעָד וַאֲמַרוּ כָּל אֱנָשֵׁי יָבֵשׁ לְנָחָשׁ גְזַר לָנָא קְיָם וְנִפְלְחִינָךְ:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Then Nahash the Ammonite came up, and encamped against Jabesh-gilead; and all the men of Jabesh said unto Nahash: 'Make a covenant with us, and we will serve thee.'

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:1SA:233.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.11.1/