1 Samuel 13:1 שְׁמוּאֵל א
Who acts: Saul · What happens: be, begin, reign · To what, where: Israel
This is 1 Samuel 13:1 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Saul — and what happens in the verse to Israel, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.
בֶּן־שָׁנָ֖ה שָׁא֣וּל בְּמָלְכ֑וֹ וּשְׁתֵּ֣י שָׁנִ֔ים מָלַ֖ךְ עַל־יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃
Saul was — years old when he began to reign; and two years he reigned over Israel.
The tree
Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation | gloss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | בֶּן־ | בֵּן | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | root | root | [was] a son |
| 2 | שָׁנָ֖ה | שָׁנָה | NOUN | Gender=Fem Number=Sing | 1 בֶּן־ | compound:smixut | of a year |
| 3 | שָׁא֣וּל | שָׁאוּל | PROPN | _ | 1 בֶּן־ | nsubj | Saul |
| 4 | בְּ | בְּ | ADP | _ | 5 מָלְכ | case | when |
| 5 | מָלְכ | מָלַךְ | VERB | HebBinyan=QAL | 1 בֶּן־ | advcl | he |
| 6 | ֑וֹ | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 מָלְכ | nsubj | became king |
| 7 | וּ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 10 מָלַ֖ךְ | cc | and |
| 8 | שְׁתֵּ֣י | שְׁנַיִם | NUM | Gender=Fem Number=Dual | 9 שָׁנִ֔ים | nummod | two |
| 9 | שָׁנִ֔ים | שָׁנָה | NOUN | Gender=Fem Number=Plur | 10 מָלַ֖ךְ | obl | years |
| 10 | מָלַ֖ךְ | מָלַךְ | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3 | 1 בֶּן־ | conj | he reigned |
| 11 | עַל־ | עַל | ADP | _ | 12 יִשְׂרָאֵֽל | case | over |
| 12 | יִשְׂרָאֵֽל | יִשְׂרָאֵל | PROPN | _ | 10 מָלַ֖ךְ | obl | Israel |
| 13 | ׃ | ׃ | PUNCT | _ | 12 יִשְׂרָאֵֽל | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- character
- speech
- inside a quote begun earlier
- negation
- no
| verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| מָלְכ he | infinitive construct · qal | וֹ became king | |||
| מָלַךְ he reigned | qatal · qal | שָׁאוּל Saul |
MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.
Targum Jonathan
כְּבַר שְׁנָא דְלֵית בֵּיהּ חוֹבִין כֵּן שָׁאוּל כַּד מְלַךְ וְתַרְתֵּין שְׁנִין מְלַךְ עַל יִשְׂרָאֵל:
The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.
English, JPS 1917
Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.
Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.
English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).
Hebrew sentence wlc:1SA:273.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.13.1/