1 Samuel 17:11 שְׁמוּאֵל א

Who acts: Saul · What happens: hear, dismay, word · To what, where: words, Saul, Philistine

This is 1 Samuel 17:11 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Saul — and what happens in the verse to words, Saul, Philistine, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיִּשְׁמַ֤ע שָׁאוּל֙ וְכָל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל אֶת־דִּבְרֵ֥י הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֖י הָאֵ֑לֶּה וַיֵּחַ֥תּוּ וַיִּֽרְא֖וּ מְאֹֽד׃פ

And when Saul and all Israel heard those words of the Philistine, they were dismayed, and greatly afraid.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יִּשְׁמַ֤ע	cc	and
2	יִּשְׁמַ֤ע	שָׁמַע	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he heard
3	שָׁאוּל֙	שָׁאוּל	PROPN	_	2 יִּשְׁמַ֤ע	nsubj	Saul
4	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	5 כָל־	cc	and
5	כָל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	3 שָׁאוּל֙	conj	all
6	יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל	יִשְׂרָאֵל	PROPN	_	5 כָל־	compound:smixut	Israel
7	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	8 דִּבְרֵ֥י	case	(et)
8	דִּבְרֵ֥י	דָּבָר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	2 יִּשְׁמַ֤ע	obj	the words
9	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	10 פְּלִשְׁתִּ֖י	det	of
10	פְּלִשְׁתִּ֖י	פְּלִשְׁתִּי	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	8 דִּבְרֵ֥י	compound:smixut	the Philistine
11	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	12 אֵ֑לֶּה	det	(the)
12	אֵ֑לֶּה	אֵלֶּה	DET	Gender=Com Number=Plur PronType=Dem	8 דִּבְרֵ֥י	det	these
13	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	14 יֵּחַ֥תּוּ	cc	and
14	יֵּחַ֥תּוּ	חָתַת	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Plur Person=3	2 יִּשְׁמַ֤ע	conj	they were dismayed
15	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	16 יִּֽרְא֖וּ	cc	and
16	יִּֽרְא֖וּ	יָרֵא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	14 יֵּחַ֥תּוּ	conj	they were afraid
17	מְאֹֽד	מְאֹד	ADV	_	14 יֵּחַ֥תּוּ	advmod	exceedingly
18	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	17 מְאֹֽד	punct
19	פ	פ	PUNCT	_	17 מְאֹֽד	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יִּשְׁמַע he heard	wayyiqtol · qal	שָׁאוּל Saul + יִשְׂרָאֵל Israel	דִּבְרֵי the words
יֵּחַתּוּ they were dismayed	wayyiqtol · niphal	שָׁאוּל Saul + יִשְׂרָאֵל Israel
יִּֽרְאוּ they were afraid	wayyiqtol · qal	שָׁאוּל Saul + יִשְׂרָאֵל Israel

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וּשְׁמַע שָׁאוּל וְכָל יִשְׂרָאֵל יַת פִּתְגָמֵי פְּלִשְׁתָּאָה הָאִלֵין וְאִתְבָּרוּ וּדְחִילוּ לַחֲדָא:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And when Saul and all Israel heard those words of the Philistine, they were dismayed, and greatly afraid.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:1SA:416.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.17.11/