1 Samuel 17:39 שְׁמוּאֵל א

Who acts: David, I · What happens: gird, essay, go, not try, say, not go · To what, where: sword, Saul · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is 1 Samuel 17:39 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — David, I — and what happens in the verse to sword, Saul, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיַּחְגֹּ֣ר דָּוִ֣ד אֶת־חַ֠רְבּוֹ מֵעַ֨ל לְמַדָּ֜יו וַיֹּ֣אֶל לָלֶכֶת֮ כִּ֣י לֹֽא־נִסָּה֒ וַיֹּ֨אמֶר דָּוִ֜ד אֶל־שָׁא֗וּל לֹ֥א אוּכַ֛ל לָלֶ֥כֶת בָּאֵ֖לֶּה כִּ֣י לֹ֣א נִסִּ֑יתִי וַיְסִרֵ֥ם דָּוִ֖ד מֵעָלָֽיו׃

And David girded his sword upon his apparel, and he essayed to go, but could not; for he had not tried it. And David said unto Saul: 'I cannot go with these; for I have not tried them.' And David put them off him.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יַּחְגֹּ֣ר	cc	and
2	יַּחְגֹּ֣ר	חָגַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he girded
3	דָּוִ֣ד	דָּוִד	PROPN	_	2 יַּחְגֹּ֣ר	nsubj	David
4	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	5 חַ֠רְבּ	case	(et)
5	חַ֠רְבּ	חֶרֶב	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	2 יַּחְגֹּ֣ר	obj	sword
6	וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 חַ֠רְבּ	nmod:poss	his
7	מֵ	מִן	ADP	_	10 מַדָּ֜י	case	(from)
8	עַ֨ל	עַל	ADP	_	10 מַדָּ֜י	case	over
9	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	10 מַדָּ֜י	case	(to)
10	מַדָּ֜י	מַד	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	2 יַּחְגֹּ֣ר	obl	garments
11	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 מַדָּ֜י	nmod:poss	his
12	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	13 יֹּ֣אֶל	cc	and
13	יֹּ֣אֶל	אלה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יַּחְגֹּ֣ר	conj	he undertook
14	לָ	לְ	ADP	_	15 לֶכֶת֮	case	to
15	לֶכֶת֮	הלך	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	13 יֹּ֣אֶל	advcl	walk
16	כִּ֣י	כִּי	SCONJ	_	18 נִסָּה֒	mark	(dm)
17	לֹֽא־	לֹא	ADV	_	18 נִסָּה֒	advmod	not
18	נִסָּה֒	נָסָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יַּחְגֹּ֣ר	advcl	he had put to the test
19	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	20 יֹּ֨אמֶר	cc	and
20	יֹּ֨אמֶר	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יַּחְגֹּ֣ר	conj	he said
21	דָּוִ֜ד	דָּוִד	PROPN	_	20 יֹּ֨אמֶר	nsubj	David
22	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	23 שָׁא֗וּל	case	to
23	שָׁא֗וּל	שָׁאוּל	PROPN	_	20 יֹּ֨אמֶר	obl	Saul
24	לֹ֥א	לֹא	ADV	_	25 אוּכַ֛ל	advmod	not
25	אוּכַ֛ל	יָכֹל	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=1	20 יֹּ֨אמֶר	ccomp	I will be able
26	לָ	לְ	ADP	_	27 לֶ֥כֶת	case	to
27	לֶ֥כֶת	הלך	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	25 אוּכַ֛ל	xcomp	walk
28	בָּ	בְּ	ADP	_	29 אֵ֖לֶּה	case	in
29	אֵ֖לֶּה	אֵלֶּה	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Plur PronType=Dem	27 לֶ֥כֶת	obl	these [things]
30	כִּ֣י	כִּי	SCONJ	_	32 נִסִּ֑יתִי	mark	(dm)
31	לֹ֣א	לֹא	ADV	_	32 נִסִּ֑יתִי	advmod	not
32	נִסִּ֑יתִי	נָסָה	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Sing Person=1	25 אוּכַ֛ל	advcl	I have put to the test
33	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	34 יְסִר	cc	and
34	יְסִר	סוּר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יַּחְגֹּ֣ר	conj	he
35	ֵ֥ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	34 יְסִר	obj	removed them
36	דָּוִ֖ד	דָּוִד	PROPN	_	34 יְסִר	nsubj	David
37	מֵ	מִן	ADP	_	39 ו	case	from
38	עָלָֽי	עַל	ADP	_	39 ו	case	on
39	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	34 יְסִר	obl	himself
40	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	39 ו	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: promise
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: yes
the frame alone: decl · narrate · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	who makes it happen (AA)
יַּחְגֹּר he girded	wayyiqtol · qal	דָּוִד David	חַרְבּ sword
יֹּאֶל he undertook	wayyiqtol · hiphil	דָּוִד David
לֶכֶת walk	infinitive construct · qal	דָּוִד David
not נִסָּה he had put to the test	qatal · piel	דָּוִד David
יֹּאמֶר he said	wayyiqtol · qal	דָּוִד David
not אוּכַל I will be able	yiqtol · qal	דָּוִד David
לֶכֶת walk	infinitive construct · qal	דָּוִד David
not נִסִּיתִי I have put to the test	qatal · piel	דָּוִד David
יְסִר he	wayyiqtol · hiphil	ֵם removed them		דָּוִד David

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וְזָרֵיז דָוִד יַת חַרְבֵּיהּ מֵעַל לִלְבוּשׁוֹהִי וְלָא אָבָא לְמֵיזַל אֲרֵי לָא אַלִיף וַאֲמַר דָוִד לְשָׁאוּל לֵית אֲנָא יָכִיל לְמֵיזַל בְּאִלֵין אֲרֵי לֵית בְּהוֹן נִסָא וְאַעְדִינוּן דָוִד מֵעִלַווֹהִי:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:1SA:444.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.17.39/