1 Samuel 17:50 שְׁמוּאֵל א

Who acts: David, sword · What happens: prevail, smote, slay, be · To what, where: Philistine, David, hand

This is 1 Samuel 17:50 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — David, sword — and what happens in the verse to Philistine, David, hand, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיֶּחֱזַ֨ק דָּוִ֤ד מִן־הַפְּלִשְׁתִּי֙ בַּקֶּ֣לַע וּבָאֶ֔בֶן וַיַּ֥ךְ אֶת־הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֖י וַיְמִיתֵ֑הוּ וְחֶ֖רֶב אֵ֥ין בְּיַד־דָּוִֽד׃

So David prevailed over the Philistine with a sling and with a stone, and smote the Philistine, and slew him; but there was no sword in the hand of David.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יֶּחֱזַ֨ק	cc	and
2	יֶּחֱזַ֨ק	חָזַק	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he was strong
3	דָּוִ֤ד	דָּוִד	PROPN	_	2 יֶּחֱזַ֨ק	nsubj	David
4	מִן־	מִן	ADP	_	6 פְּלִשְׁתִּי֙	case	more than
5	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	6 פְּלִשְׁתִּי֙	det	the
6	פְּלִשְׁתִּי֙	פְּלִשְׁתִּי	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 יֶּחֱזַ֨ק	obl	Philistine
7	בַּ	בְּ	ADP	_	9 קֶּ֣לַע	case	with
8	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	9 קֶּ֣לַע	det	the
9	קֶּ֣לַע	קֶלַע	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 יֶּחֱזַ֨ק	obl	sling
10	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	13 אֶ֔בֶן	cc	and
11	בָ	בְּ	ADP	_	13 אֶ֔בֶן	case	with
12	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	13 אֶ֔בֶן	det	the
13	אֶ֔בֶן	אֶבֶן	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	9 קֶּ֣לַע	conj	stone
14	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	15 יַּ֥ךְ	cc	and
15	יַּ֥ךְ	נָכָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יֶּחֱזַ֨ק	conj	he struck down
16	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	18 פְּלִשְׁתִּ֖י	case	(et)
17	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	18 פְּלִשְׁתִּ֖י	det	the
18	פְּלִשְׁתִּ֖י	פְּלִשְׁתִּי	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	15 יַּ֥ךְ	obj	Philistine
19	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	20 יְמִית	cc	and
20	יְמִית	מוּת	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יֶּחֱזַ֨ק	conj	he
21	ֵ֑הוּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	20 יְמִית	obj	killed him
22	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	24 אֵ֥ין	cc	and
23	חֶ֖רֶב	חֶרֶב	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	24 אֵ֥ין	nsubj	a sword
24	אֵ֥ין	אַיִן	ADV	_	2 יֶּחֱזַ֨ק	conj	there [was] not
25	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	26 יַד־	case	in
26	יַד־	יָד	NOUN	Number=Sing	24 אֵ֥ין	obl	the hand
27	דָּוִֽד	דָּוִד	PROPN	_	26 יַד־	compound:smixut	of David
28	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	27 דָּוִֽד	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: yes

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	who makes it happen (AA)
not יֶּחֱזַק he was strong	wayyiqtol · qal	דָּוִד David
יַּךְ he struck down	wayyiqtol · hiphil	פְּלִשְׁתִּי Philistine	דָּוִד David
יְמִית he	wayyiqtol · hiphil	ֵהוּ killed him	דָּוִד David

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וּתְקֵיף דָוִד מִן פְּלִשְׁתָּאָה בְּקִלְעָא וּבְאַבְנָא וּמְחָא יַת פְּלִשְׁתָּאָה וְקַטְלֵיהּ וְחַרְבָּא לֵית בִּידָא דְדָוִד:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

So David prevailed over the Philistine with a sling and with a stone, and smote the Philistine, and slew him; but there was no sword in the hand of David.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:1SA:455.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.17.50/