1 Samuel 17:8 שְׁמוּאֵל א

Who acts: champion, ye, I, your · What happens: stand, cry, say, come out, set, not be · To what, where: battle, array, Philistine, Saul, man, you · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is 1 Samuel 17:8 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — champion, ye, I, your — and what happens in the verse to battle, array, Philistine, Saul, man, you, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַֽיַּעֲמֹ֗ד וַיִּקְרָא֙ אֶל־מַעַרְכֹ֣ת יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וַיֹּ֣אמֶר לָהֶ֔ם לָ֥מָּה תֵצְא֖וּ לַעֲרֹ֣ךְ מִלְחָמָ֑ה הֲל֧וֹא אָנֹכִ֣י הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֗י וְאַתֶּם֙ עֲבָדִ֣ים לְשָׁא֔וּל בְּרוּ־לָכֶ֥ם אִ֖ישׁ וְיֵרֵ֥ד אֵלָֽי׃

And he stood and cried unto the armies of Israel, and said unto them: 'Why do ye come out to set your battle in array? am not I a Philistine, and ye servants to Saul? choose you a man for you, and let him come down to me.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַֽ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יַּעֲמֹ֗ד	cc	and
2	יַּעֲמֹ֗ד	עָמַד	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he stood
3	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	4 יִּקְרָא֙	cc	and
4	יִּקְרָא֙	קָרָא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יַּעֲמֹ֗ד	conj	he called out
5	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	6 מַעַרְכֹ֣ת	case	to
6	מַעַרְכֹ֣ת	מַעֲרָכָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Plur	4 יִּקְרָא֙	obl	the battle lines
7	יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל	יִשְׂרָאֵל	PROPN	_	6 מַעַרְכֹ֣ת	compound:smixut	of Israel
8	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	9 יֹּ֣אמֶר	cc	and
9	יֹּ֣אמֶר	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יַּעֲמֹ֗ד	conj	he said
10	ל	לְ	ADP	_	11 ָהֶ֔ם	case	to
11	ָהֶ֔ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 יֹּ֣אמֶר	obl	them
12	לָ֥	לָמָה	ADP	_	13 מָּה	case
13	מָּה	מָה	PRON	PronType=Int	14 תֵצְא֖וּ	obl	why?
14	תֵצְא֖וּ	יָצָא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=2	9 יֹּ֣אמֶר	ccomp	do you come out
15	לַ	לְ	ADP	_	16 עֲרֹ֣ךְ	case	to
16	עֲרֹ֣ךְ	עָרַךְ	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	14 תֵצְא֖וּ	advcl	deploy
17	מִלְחָמָ֑ה	מִלְחָמָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	16 עֲרֹ֣ךְ	obj	battle
18	הֲ	הֲ	PART	_	22 פְּלִשְׁתִּ֗י	advmod	?
19	ל֧וֹא	לֹא	ADV	_	22 פְּלִשְׁתִּ֗י	advmod	not
20	אָנֹכִ֣י	אָנֹכִי	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	22 פְּלִשְׁתִּ֗י	nsubj	[am] I
21	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	22 פְּלִשְׁתִּ֗י	det	the
22	פְּלִשְׁתִּ֗י	פְּלִשְׁתִּי	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	14 תֵצְא֖וּ	parataxis	Philistine
23	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	25 עֲבָדִ֣ים	cc	and [are]
24	אַתֶּם֙	אַתֶּם	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs	25 עֲבָדִ֣ים	nsubj	you?
25	עֲבָדִ֣ים	עֶבֶד	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	22 פְּלִשְׁתִּ֗י	conj	servants
26	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	27 שָׁא֔וּל	case	of
27	שָׁא֔וּל	שָׁאוּל	PROPN	_	25 עֲבָדִ֣ים	nmod	Saul
28	בְּרוּ־	בָּרָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=2	14 תֵצְא֖וּ	parataxis	commission
29	ל	לְ	ADP	_	30 ָכֶ֥ם	case	for
30	ָכֶ֥ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs	28 בְּרוּ־	obl	yourselves
31	אִ֖ישׁ	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	28 בְּרוּ־	obj	a man
32	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	33 יֵרֵ֥ד	cc	and
33	יֵרֵ֥ד	יָרַד	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	14 תֵצְא֖וּ	conj	let him come down
34	אֵל	אֶל	ADP	_	35 ָֽי	case	to
35	ָֽי	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	33 יֵרֵ֥ד	obl	me
36	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	35 ָֽי	punct

Pragmatics

form: wh-question
act: ask
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: yes
the frame alone: decl · narrate · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יַּעֲמֹד he stood	wayyiqtol · qal
יִּקְרָא he called out	wayyiqtol · qal
יֹּאמֶר he said	wayyiqtol · qal
תֵצְאוּ do you come out	yiqtol · qal	מַעַרְכֹת the battle lines
עֲרֹךְ deploy	infinitive construct · qal	מַעַרְכֹת the battle lines	מִלְחָמָה battle
בְּרוּ־ commission	imperative · qal	מַעַרְכֹת the battle lines	אִישׁ a man
יֵרֵד let him come down	jussive · qal	אִישׁ a man

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וְקָם וְאַכְרֵיז עַל סִדְרֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל וַאֲמַר לְהוֹן לְמָה תִפְקוּן לְסַדְרָא קְרָבָא הֲלָא אֲנָא פְלִשְׁתָּאָה וְאַתּוּן עַבְדִין לְשָׁאוּל (אֲנָא הוּא גָלְיָת פְּלִשְׁתְּאָה דְמִן גַת דִקְטָלִית תְּרֵין בְּנֵי עֵלִי כַּהֲנֵי חָפְנִי וּפִינְחָס וּשְׁבֵיתִי יַת אַרוֹן קֳיָמָא דַייָ וְאוֹבֵלִית יָתֵיהּ לְבֵית דָגוֹן טַעֲוָתִי וַהֲוָה תַמָן בְּקִירְוֵי פְלִשְׁתָּאֵי שַׁבְעָא יַרְחִין אַף כָּל קְרָב וּקְרָב דַהֲווֹ לְהוֹן לִפְלִשְׁתָּאֵי אֲנָא נָפֵיק בְּרֵישׁ חֵילָא וּנְצַחְנָא בִקְרָבָא וּרְמִינָא קְטִילִין כְּעַפְרָא דְאַרְעָא וְעַד כְּעַן לָא אַכְשָׁרוּ יָתִי פְּלִשְׁתָּאֵי לְמֶהֱוֵי רַב אַלְפָא עִלַוֵיהוֹן וְאַתּוּן בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל מַה גְבוּרָה עֲבַד לְכוֹן שָׁאוּל בַּר קִישׁ דְמִן גִבְעֲתָא דְמַנִיתוּן יָתֵיהּ מַלְכָּא עִלַוֵיכוֹן אִם גְבַר גִבָּר הוּא יֵיחוֹת וְיַעְבֵּיד קְרָבָא עִמִי וְאִם גְבַר חַלָשׁ הוּא) בְּחַרוּ לְכוֹן גַבְרָא וְיֵחוֹת לְוָתִי:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And he stood and cried unto the armies of Israel, and said unto them: 'Why do ye come out to set your battle in array? am not I a Philistine, and ye servants to Saul? choose you a man for you, and let him come down to me.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:1SA:413.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.17.8/