1 Samuel 18:11 שְׁמוּאֵל א

Who acts: Saul, I, David · What happens: cast, say, smite, step · To what, where: spear, David, presence · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is 1 Samuel 18:11 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Saul, I, David — and what happens in the verse to spear, David, presence, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיָּ֤טֶל שָׁאוּל֙ אֶֽת־הַחֲנִ֔ית וַיֹּ֕אמֶר אַכֶּ֥ה בְדָוִ֖ד וּבַקִּ֑יר וַיִּסֹּ֥ב דָּוִ֛ד מִפָּנָ֖יו פַּעֲמָֽיִם׃

And Saul cast the spear; for he said: 'I will smite David even to the wall.' And David stepped aside out of his presence twice.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יָּ֤טֶל	cc	and
2	יָּ֤טֶל	טוּל	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he hurled
3	שָׁאוּל֙	שָׁאוּל	PROPN	_	2 יָּ֤טֶל	nsubj	Saul
4	אֶֽת־	אֵת	ADP	_	6 חֲנִ֔ית	case	(et)
5	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	6 חֲנִ֔ית	det	the
6	חֲנִ֔ית	חֲנִית	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	2 יָּ֤טֶל	obj	spear
7	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	8 יֹּ֕אמֶר	cc	and
8	יֹּ֕אמֶר	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יָּ֤טֶל	conj	he said
9	אַכֶּ֥ה	נָכָה	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=1	8 יֹּ֕אמֶר	ccomp	I will strike
10	בְ	בְּ	ADP	_	11 דָוִ֖ד	case	(on)
11	דָוִ֖ד	דָּוִד	PROPN	_	9 אַכֶּ֥ה	obl	David
12	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	15 קִּ֑יר	cc	and
13	בַ	בְּ	ADP	_	15 קִּ֑יר	case	(on)
14	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	15 קִּ֑יר	det	the
15	קִּ֑יר	קִיר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	11 דָוִ֖ד	conj	wall
16	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	17 יִּסֹּ֥ב	cc	and
17	יִּסֹּ֥ב	סָבַב	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יָּ֤טֶל	conj	he went around
18	דָּוִ֛ד	דָּוִד	PROPN	_	17 יִּסֹּ֥ב	nsubj	David
19	מִ	מִן	ADP	_	20 פָּנָ֖י	case	from
20	פָּנָ֖י	פָּנֶה	NOUN	Number=Plur	17 יִּסֹּ֥ב	obl	before
21	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	20 פָּנָ֖י	nmod:poss	him
22	פַּעֲמָֽיִם	פַּעַם	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Dual	17 יִּסֹּ֥ב	obl	two times
23	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	22 פַּעֲמָֽיִם	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: promise
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: no
the frame alone: decl · narrate · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	who makes it happen (AA)
יָּטֶל he hurled	wayyiqtol · hiphil	חֲנִית spear	שָׁאוּל Saul
יֹּאמֶר he said	wayyiqtol · qal	שָׁאוּל Saul
אַכֶּה I will strike	yiqtol · hiphil	שָׁאוּל Saul
יִּסֹּב he went around	wayyiqtol · qal	דָּוִד David

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וַאֲרִים שָׁאוּל יַת מוּרְנִיתָא וַאֲמַר אֶמְחִינֵיהּ בְּדָוִד וְאַבְרְזִינֵיהּ בְּכוֹתְלָא וְאִסְתְּחַר דָוִד מִן קֳדָמוֹהִי תַּרְתֵּין זִמְנִין:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And Saul cast the spear; for he said: 'I will smite David even to the wall.' And David stepped aside out of his presence twice.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:1SA:474.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.18.11/