1 Samuel 18:23 שְׁמוּאֵל א

Who acts: servants, David, I · What happens: speak, say, seem, be, esteem · To what, where: words, ears, delight, you, son, law · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is 1 Samuel 18:23 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — servants, David, I — and what happens in the verse to words, ears, delight, you, son, law, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַֽיְדַבְּר֞וּ עַבְדֵ֤י שָׁאוּל֙ בְּאָזְנֵ֣י דָוִ֔ד אֶת־הַדְּבָרִ֖ים הָאֵ֑לֶּה וַיֹּ֣אמֶר דָּוִ֗ד הַֽנְקַלָּ֤ה בְעֵֽינֵיכֶם֙ הִתְחַתֵּ֣ן בַּמֶּ֔לֶךְ וְאָנֹכִ֖י אִֽישׁ־רָ֥שׁ וְנִקְלֶֽה׃

And Saul's servants spoke those words in the ears of David. And David said: 'Seemeth it to you a light thing to be the king's son-in-law, seeing that I am a poor man, and lightly esteemed?'

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַֽ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יְדַבְּר֞וּ	cc	and
2	יְדַבְּר֞וּ	דָבַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Plur Person=3	root	root	they spoke
3	עַבְדֵ֤י	עֶבֶד	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	2 יְדַבְּר֞וּ	nsubj	the servants
4	שָׁאוּל֙	שָׁאוּל	PROPN	_	3 עַבְדֵ֤י	compound:smixut	of Saul
5	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	6 אָזְנֵ֣י	case	in
6	אָזְנֵ֣י	אֹזֶן	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Dual	2 יְדַבְּר֞וּ	obl	the ears
7	דָוִ֔ד	דָּוִד	PROPN	_	6 אָזְנֵ֣י	compound:smixut	of David
8	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	10 דְּבָרִ֖ים	case	(et)
9	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	10 דְּבָרִ֖ים	det	the
10	דְּבָרִ֖ים	דָּבָר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	2 יְדַבְּר֞וּ	obj	words
11	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	12 אֵ֑לֶּה	det	(the)
12	אֵ֑לֶּה	אֵלֶּה	DET	Gender=Com Number=Plur PronType=Dem	10 דְּבָרִ֖ים	det	these
13	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	14 יֹּ֣אמֶר	cc	and
14	יֹּ֣אמֶר	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יְדַבְּר֞וּ	conj	he said
15	דָּוִ֗ד	דָּוִד	PROPN	_	14 יֹּ֣אמֶר	nsubj	David
16	הַֽ	הַ	PART	_	17 נְקַלָּ֤ה	advmod	?
17	נְקַלָּ֤ה	קָלַל	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Sing	14 יֹּ֣אמֶר	ccomp	trifling
18	בְ	בְּ	ADP	_	19 עֵֽינֵי	case	in
19	עֵֽינֵי	עַיִן	NOUN	Number=Dual	17 נְקַלָּ֤ה	obl	eyes
20	כֶם֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs	19 עֵֽינֵי	nmod:poss	your
21	הִתְחַתֵּ֣ן	חָתַן	VERB	HebBinyan=HITHPAEL	17 נְקַלָּ֤ה	nsubj	[is] to be son-in-law
22	בַּ	בְּ	ADP	_	24 מֶּ֔לֶךְ	case	to
23	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	24 מֶּ֔לֶךְ	det	the
24	מֶּ֔לֶךְ	מֶלֶךְ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	21 הִתְחַתֵּ֣ן	obl	king
25	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	27 אִֽישׁ־	cc	and
26	אָנֹכִ֖י	אָנֹכִי	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	27 אִֽישׁ־	nsubj	I
27	אִֽישׁ־	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	17 נְקַלָּ֤ה	conj	[am] a man
28	רָ֥שׁ	רוּשׁ	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing	27 אִֽישׁ־	acl:relcl	poor
29	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	30 נִקְלֶֽה	cc	and
30	נִקְלֶֽה	קָלָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Sing	28 רָ֥שׁ	conj	lightly esteemed
31	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	30 נִקְלֶֽה	punct

Pragmatics

form: yes/no question
act: ask
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: no
the frame alone: decl · narrate · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יְדַבְּרוּ they spoke	wayyiqtol · piel	עַבְדֵי the servants	דְּבָרִים words
יֹּאמֶר he said	wayyiqtol · qal	דָּוִד David
נְקַלָּה trifling	participle active · niphal	הִתְחַתֵּן [is] to be son-in-law
רָשׁ poor	participle active · qal	אִֽישׁ־ [am] a man
נִקְלֶֽה lightly esteemed	participle active · niphal	אִֽישׁ־ [am] a man

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וּמַלִילוּ עַבְדֵי שָׁאוּל קֳדָם דָוִד יַת פִּתְגָמַיָא הָאִלֵין וַאֲמַר דָוִד הַזְעֵירָא בְּעֵינֵיכוֹן לְאִתְחַתָּנָא בְּמַלְכָּא וַאֲנָא גְבַר מִסְכֵּן וְהֶדְיוֹט:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:1SA:486.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.18.23/