1 Samuel 18:25 שְׁמוּאֵל א

Who acts: Saul, ye, king, David · What happens: say, not desire, avenge, think, make, fall · To what, where: David, dowry · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is 1 Samuel 18:25 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Saul, ye, king, David — and what happens in the verse to David, dowry, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיֹּ֨אמֶר שָׁא֜וּל כֹּֽה־תֹאמְר֣וּ לְדָוִ֗ד אֵֽין־חֵ֤פֶץ לַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙ בְּמֹ֔הַר כִּ֗י בְּמֵאָה֙ עָרְל֣וֹת פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים לְהִנָּקֵ֖ם בְּאֹיְבֵ֣י הַמֶּ֑לֶךְ וְשָׁא֣וּל חָשַׁ֔ב לְהַפִּ֥יל אֶת־דָּוִ֖ד בְּיַד־פְּלִשְׁתִּֽים׃

And Saul said: 'Thus shall ye say to David: The king desireth not any dowry, but a hundred foreskins of the Philistines, to be avenged of the king's enemies.' For Saul thought to make David fall by the hand of the Philistines.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יֹּ֨אמֶר	cc	and
2	יֹּ֨אמֶר	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he said
3	שָׁא֜וּל	שָׁאוּל	PROPN	_	2 יֹּ֨אמֶר	nsubj	Saul
4	כֹּֽה־	כֹּה	ADV	_	5 תֹאמְר֣וּ	advmod	thus
5	תֹאמְר֣וּ	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=2	2 יֹּ֨אמֶר	ccomp	you will say
6	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	7 דָוִ֗ד	case	to
7	דָוִ֗ד	דָּוִד	PROPN	_	5 תֹאמְר֣וּ	obl	David
8	אֵֽין־	אַיִן	ADV	_	5 תֹאמְר֣וּ	ccomp	there [is] not
9	חֵ֤פֶץ	חֵפֶץ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	8 אֵֽין־	nsubj	delight
10	לַ	לְ	ADP	_	12 מֶּ֙לֶךְ֙	case	for
11	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	12 מֶּ֙לֶךְ֙	det	the
12	מֶּ֙לֶךְ֙	מֶלֶךְ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	8 אֵֽין־	obl	king
13	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	14 מֹ֔הַר	case	in
14	מֹ֔הַר	מֹהַר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	8 אֵֽין־	obl	bride-price
15	כִּ֗י	כִּי	SCONJ	_	18 עָרְל֣וֹת	mark	(dm)
16	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	18 עָרְל֣וֹת	case	for
17	מֵאָה֙	מֵאָה	NUM	Number=Sing	18 עָרְל֣וֹת	nummod	a hundred
18	עָרְל֣וֹת	עׇרְלָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Plur	8 אֵֽין־	advcl	foreskins
19	פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים	פְּלִשְׁתִּי	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	18 עָרְל֣וֹת	compound:smixut	of Philistines
20	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	21 הִנָּקֵ֖ם	case	to
21	הִנָּקֵ֖ם	נָקַם	VERB	HebBinyan=NIPHAL	18 עָרְל֣וֹת	advcl	avenge himself
22	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	23 אֹיְבֵ֣י	case	on
23	אֹיְבֵ֣י	אָיַב	NOUN	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur	21 הִנָּקֵ֖ם	obl	the enemies
24	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	25 מֶּ֑לֶךְ	det	of
25	מֶּ֑לֶךְ	מֶלֶךְ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	23 אֹיְבֵ֣י	compound:smixut	the king
26	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	28 חָשַׁ֔ב	cc	and
27	שָׁא֣וּל	שָׁאוּל	PROPN	_	28 חָשַׁ֔ב	nsubj	Saul
28	חָשַׁ֔ב	חָשַׁב	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	8 אֵֽין־	conj	he planned
29	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	30 הַפִּ֥יל	case	to
30	הַפִּ֥יל	נָפַל	VERB	HebBinyan=HIPHIL	28 חָשַׁ֔ב	advcl	make fall
31	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	32 דָּוִ֖ד	case	(et)
32	דָּוִ֖ד	דָּוִד	PROPN	_	30 הַפִּ֥יל	obj	David
33	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	34 יַד־	case	by
34	יַד־	יָד	NOUN	Number=Sing	30 הַפִּ֥יל	obl	the hand
35	פְּלִשְׁתִּֽים	פְּלִשְׁתִּי	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	34 יַד־	compound:smixut	of [the] Philistines
36	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	35 פְּלִשְׁתִּֽים	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: request
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: yes
indirect: yes
the frame alone: decl · narrate · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	who makes it happen (AA)
יֹּאמֶר he said	wayyiqtol · qal	שָׁאוּל Saul
not תֹאמְרוּ you will say	yiqtol · qal
הִנָּקֵם avenge himself	infinitive construct · niphal
חָשַׁב he planned	qatal · qal	שָׁאוּל Saul
הַפִּיל make fall	infinitive construct · hiphil	דָּוִד David	שָׁאוּל Saul

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וַאֲמַר שָׁאוּל כְּדֵין תֵּימְרוּן לְדָוִד לָא רַעֲוָא לְמַלְכָּא בְּמוֹהֲרִין אֱלָהֵין בְּמֵאָה עָרְלַת פְּלִשְׁתָּאֵי לְאִתְפְּרָעָא בְּשַׂנְאֵי מַלְכָּא וְשָׁאוּל חָשִׁיב לְמִמְסַר יַת דָוִד בִּידָא דִפְלִשְׁתָּאֵי:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And Saul said: 'Thus shall ye say to David: The king desireth not any dowry, but a hundred foreskins of the Philistines, to be avenged of the king's enemies.' For Saul thought to make David fall by the hand of the Philistines.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:1SA:488.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.18.25/