1 Samuel 18:27 שְׁמוּאֵל א

Who acts: David, foreskins, Saul · What happens: arise, go, slew, bring, give, be · To what, where: hundred men, foreskins, men, king, full number, son

This is 1 Samuel 18:27 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — David, foreskins, Saul — and what happens in the verse to hundred men, foreskins, men, king, full number, son, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיָּ֨קָם דָּוִ֜ד וַיֵּ֣לֶךְ ׀ ה֣וּא וַאֲנָשָׁ֗יו וַיַּ֣ךְ בַּפְּלִשְׁתִּים֮ מָאתַ֣יִם אִישׁ֒ וַיָּבֵ֤א דָוִד֙ אֶת־עָרְלֹ֣תֵיהֶ֔ם וַיְמַלְא֣וּם לַמֶּ֔לֶךְ לְהִתְחַתֵּ֖ן בַּמֶּ֑לֶךְ וַיִּתֶּן־ל֥וֹ שָׁא֛וּל אֶת־מִיכַ֥ל בִּתּ֖וֹ לְאִשָּֽׁה׃ס

and David arose and went, he and his men, and slew of the Philistines two hundred men; and David brought their foreskins, and they gave them in full number to the king, that he might be the king's son-in-law. And Saul gave him Michal his daughter to wife.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יָּ֨קָם	cc	and
2	יָּ֨קָם	קוּם	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he arose
3	דָּוִ֜ד	דָּוִד	PROPN	_	2 יָּ֨קָם	nsubj	David
4	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	5 יֵּ֣לֶךְ	cc	and
5	יֵּ֣לֶךְ	הלך	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יָּ֨קָם	conj	he went
6	׀	׀	PUNCT	_	5 יֵּ֣לֶךְ	punct
7	ה֣וּא	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 יֵּ֣לֶךְ	nsubj	he
8	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	9 אֲנָשָׁ֗י	cc	and
9	אֲנָשָׁ֗י	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	7 ה֣וּא	conj	men
10	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 אֲנָשָׁ֗י	nmod:poss	his
11	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	12 יַּ֣ךְ	cc	and
12	יַּ֣ךְ	נָכָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יָּ֨קָם	conj	he struck down
13	בַּ	בְּ	ADP	_	15 פְּלִשְׁתִּים֮	case	among
14	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	15 פְּלִשְׁתִּים֮	det	the
15	פְּלִשְׁתִּים֮	פְּלִשְׁתִּי	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	12 יַּ֣ךְ	obl	Philistines
16	מָאתַ֣יִם	מֵאָה	NUM	Number=Dual	17 אִישׁ֒	nummod	two hundred
17	אִישׁ֒	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	12 יַּ֣ךְ	obj	man
18	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	19 יָּבֵ֤א	cc	and
19	יָּבֵ֤א	בּוֹא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יָּ֨קָם	conj	he brought
20	דָוִד֙	דָּוִד	PROPN	_	19 יָּבֵ֤א	nsubj	David
21	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	22 עָרְלֹ֣תֵי	case	(et)
22	עָרְלֹ֣תֵי	עׇרְלָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Plur	19 יָּבֵ֤א	obj	foreskins
23	הֶ֔ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	22 עָרְלֹ֣תֵי	nmod:poss	their
24	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	25 יְמַלְא֣וּ	cc	and
25	יְמַלְא֣וּ	מָלֵא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Plur Person=3	2 יָּ֨קָם	conj	people
26	ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	25 יְמַלְא֣וּ	obj	gave them in full
27	לַ	לְ	ADP	_	29 מֶּ֔לֶךְ	case	to
28	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	29 מֶּ֔לֶךְ	det	the
29	מֶּ֔לֶךְ	מֶלֶךְ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	25 יְמַלְא֣וּ	obl	king
30	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	31 הִתְחַתֵּ֖ן	case	to
31	הִתְחַתֵּ֖ן	חָתַן	VERB	HebBinyan=HITHPAEL	25 יְמַלְא֣וּ	advcl	be son-in-law
32	בַּ	בְּ	ADP	_	34 מֶּ֑לֶךְ	case	to
33	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	34 מֶּ֑לֶךְ	det	the
34	מֶּ֑לֶךְ	מֶלֶךְ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	31 הִתְחַתֵּ֖ן	obl	king
35	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	36 יִּתֶּן־	cc	and
36	יִּתֶּן־	נָתַן	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יָּ֨קָם	conj	he gave
37	ל	לְ	ADP	_	38 ֥וֹ	case	to
38	֥וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	36 יִּתֶּן־	obl	him
39	שָׁא֛וּל	שָׁאוּל	PROPN	_	36 יִּתֶּן־	nsubj	Saul
40	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	41 מִיכַ֥ל	case	(et)
41	מִיכַ֥ל	מִיכַל	PROPN	_	36 יִּתֶּן־	obj	Michal
42	בִּתּ	בַּת	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	41 מִיכַ֥ל	appos	daughter
43	֖וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	42 בִּתּ	nmod:poss	his
44	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	45 אִשָּֽׁה	case	to
45	אִשָּֽׁה	אִשָּׁה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	36 יִּתֶּן־	obl	a wife
46	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	45 אִשָּֽׁה	punct
47	ס	ס	PUNCT	_	45 אִשָּֽׁה	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	who makes it happen (AA)
יָּקָם he arose	wayyiqtol · qal	דָּוִד David
יֵּלֶךְ he went	wayyiqtol · qal	הוּא he + אֲנָשָׁי men
יַּךְ he struck down	wayyiqtol · hiphil	אִישׁ man		דָּוִד David
יָּבֵא he brought	wayyiqtol · hiphil	עָרְלֹתֵי foreskins		דָוִד David
יְמַלְאוּ people	wayyiqtol · piel	דָוִד David + אֲנָשָׁי men	ם gave them in full
הִתְחַתֵּן be son-in-law	infinitive construct · hithpael	דָוִד David
יִּתֶּן־ he gave	wayyiqtol · qal	שָׁאוּל Saul	מִיכַל Michal

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וְקָם דָוִד וַאֲזַל הוּא וְגַבְרוֹהִי וּקְטַל בִּפְלִשְׁתָּאֵי מָאתָן גַבְרָא וְאַיְתֵי דָוִד יַת עָרְלַתְהוֹן וְאַשְׁלֵמִינוּן לְמַלְכָּא לְאִתְחַתָּנָא בְּמַלְכָּא וִיהַב לֵיה שָׁאוּל יַת מִיכַל בְּרַתֵּיהּ לְאִתּוּ:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:1SA:490.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.18.27/