1 Samuel 18:4 שְׁמוּאֵל א

Who acts: Jonathan, robe · What happens: strip, be, give · To what, where: Jonathan, robe, David

This is 1 Samuel 18:4 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Jonathan, robe — and what happens in the verse to Jonathan, robe, David, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיִּתְפַּשֵּׁ֣ט יְהוֹנָתָ֗ן אֶֽת־הַמְּעִיל֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר עָלָ֔יו וַֽיִּתְּנֵ֖הוּ לְדָוִ֑ד וּמַדָּ֕יו וְעַד־חַרְבּ֥וֹ וְעַד־קַשְׁתּ֖וֹ וְעַד־חֲגֹרֽוֹ׃

And Jonathan stripped himself of the robe that was upon him, and gave it to David, and his apparel, even to his sword, and to his bow, and to his girdle.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יִּתְפַּשֵּׁ֣ט	cc	and
2	יִּתְפַּשֵּׁ֣ט	פָּשַׁט	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HITHPAEL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he stripped himself
3	יְהוֹנָתָ֗ן	יְהוֹנָתָן	PROPN	_	2 יִּתְפַּשֵּׁ֣ט	nsubj	Jonathan
4	אֶֽת־	אֵת	ADP	_	6 מְּעִיל֙	case	(et)
5	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	6 מְּעִיל֙	det	the
6	מְּעִיל֙	מְעִיל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 יִּתְפַּשֵּׁ֣ט	obj	robe
7	אֲשֶׁ֣ר	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	9 ו	mark	which
8	עָלָ֔י	עַל	ADP	_	9 ו	case	[was] on
9	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 מְּעִיל֙	acl:relcl	him
10	וַֽ	וְ	CCONJ	_	11 יִּתְּנ	cc	and
11	יִּתְּנ	נָתַן	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יִּתְפַּשֵּׁ֣ט	conj	he
12	ֵ֖הוּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 יִּתְּנ	obj	gave it
13	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	14 דָוִ֑ד	case	to
14	דָוִ֑ד	דָּוִד	PROPN	_	11 יִּתְּנ	obl	David
15	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	16 מַדָּ֕י	cc	and
16	מַדָּ֕י	מַד	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	11 יִּתְּנ	conj	garments
17	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	16 מַדָּ֕י	nmod:poss	his
18	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	20 חַרְבּ	cc	and
19	עַד־	עַד	ADP	_	20 חַרְבּ	case	to
20	חַרְבּ	חֶרֶב	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	11 יִּתְּנ	conj	sword
21	֥וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	20 חַרְבּ	nmod:poss	his
22	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	24 קַשְׁתּ	cc	and
23	עַד־	עַד	ADP	_	24 קַשְׁתּ	case	to
24	קַשְׁתּ	קֶשֶׁת	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	20 חַרְבּ	conj	bow
25	֖וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	24 קַשְׁתּ	nmod:poss	his
26	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	28 חֲגֹר	cc	and
27	עַד־	עַד	ADP	_	28 חֲגֹר	case	to
28	חֲגֹר	חֲגוֹר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	20 חַרְבּ	conj	belt
29	ֽוֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	28 חֲגֹר	nmod:poss	his
30	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	29 ֽוֹ	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	to whom, further (A2)	who makes it happen (AA)
יִּתְפַּשֵּׁט he stripped himself	wayyiqtol · hithpael	יְהוֹנָתָן Jonathan	מְּעִיל robe
יִּתְּנ he	wayyiqtol · qal	יְהוֹנָתָן Jonathan	ֵהוּ gave it + מַדָּי garments

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וְאַשְׁלַח יְהוֹנָתָן יַת מְעִילָא דִי עֲלוֹהִי וְיַהֲבֵיהּ לְדָוִד וּלְבוּשׁוֹהִי וְעַד חַרְבֵּיהּ וְעַד קַשְׁתֵּיהּ וְעַד זְרָזֵיהּ:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And Jonathan stripped himself of the robe that was upon him, and gave it to David, and his apparel, even to his sword, and to his bow, and to his girdle.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:1SA:467.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.18.4/