1 Samuel 19:22 שְׁמוּאֵל א

Who acts: Saul, great cistern, one, messengers · What happens: go, come, be, ask, say · To what, where: Ramah, great cistern, Secu, Samuel, Naioth · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is 1 Samuel 19:22 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Saul, great cistern, one, messengers — and what happens in the verse to Ramah, great cistern, Secu, Samuel, Naioth, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיֵּ֨לֶךְ גַּם־ה֜וּא הָרָמָ֗תָה וַיָּבֹא֙ עַד־בּ֤וֹר הַגָּדוֹל֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר בַּשֶּׂ֔כוּ וַיִּשְׁאַ֣ל וַיֹּ֔אמֶר אֵיפֹ֥ה שְׁמוּאֵ֖ל וְדָוִ֑ד וַיֹּ֕אמֶר הִנֵּ֖ה בְּנָי֥וֹת בָּרָמָֽה׃

Then went he also to Ramah, and came to the great cistern that is in Secu; and he asked and said: 'Where are Samuel and David?' And one said: 'Behold, they are at Naioth in Ramah.'

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יֵּ֨לֶךְ	cc	and
2	יֵּ֨לֶךְ	הלך	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he went
3	גַּם־	גַּם	ADV	_	4 ה֜וּא	advmod	also
4	ה֜וּא	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 יֵּ֨לֶךְ	nsubj	he
5	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	6 רָמָ֗ת	det	to
6	רָמָ֗ת	רָמָה	PROPN	_	2 יֵּ֨לֶךְ	obl	(the)
7	ָה	ה	X	_	6 רָמָ֗ת	nmod	Ramah
8	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	9 יָּבֹא֙	cc	and
9	יָּבֹא֙	בּוֹא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יֵּ֨לֶךְ	conj	he came
10	עַד־	עַד	ADP	_	11 בּ֤וֹר	case	to
11	בּ֤וֹר	בּוֹר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	9 יָּבֹא֙	obl	a cistern
12	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	13 גָּדוֹל֙	det	(the)
13	גָּדוֹל֙	גָּדוֹל	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	11 בּ֤וֹר	amod	great
14	אֲשֶׁ֣ר	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	17 שֶּׂ֔כוּ	mark	which
15	בַּ	בְּ	ADP	_	17 שֶּׂ֔כוּ	case	[is] in
16	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	17 שֶּׂ֔כוּ	det	(the)
17	שֶּׂ֔כוּ	שֵׂכוּ	PROPN	_	11 בּ֤וֹר	acl:relcl	Secu
18	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	19 יִּשְׁאַ֣ל	cc	and
19	יִּשְׁאַ֣ל	שָׁאַל	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יֵּ֨לֶךְ	conj	he asked
20	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	21 יֹּ֔אמֶר	cc	and
21	יֹּ֔אמֶר	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יֵּ֨לֶךְ	conj	he said
22	אֵיפֹ֥ה	אֵיפֹה	PART	_	21 יֹּ֔אמֶר	ccomp	where?
23	שְׁמוּאֵ֖ל	שְׁמוּאֵל	PROPN	_	22 אֵיפֹ֥ה	nsubj	[are] Samuel
24	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	25 דָוִ֑ד	cc	and
25	דָוִ֑ד	דָּוִד	PROPN	_	23 שְׁמוּאֵ֖ל	conj	David
26	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	27 יֹּ֕אמֶר	cc	and
27	יֹּ֕אמֶר	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יֵּ֨לֶךְ	conj	someone said
28	הִנֵּ֖ה	הִנֵּה	INTJ	_	30 נָי֥וֹת	discourse	there!
29	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	30 נָי֥וֹת	case	at
30	נָי֥וֹת	נָיֹות	PROPN	_	27 יֹּ֕אמֶר	ccomp	Naioth
31	בָּ	בְּ	ADP	_	33 רָמָֽה	case	in
32	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	33 רָמָֽה	det	(the)
33	רָמָֽה	רָמָה	PROPN	_	30 נָי֥וֹת	nmod	Ramah
34	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	33 רָמָֽה	punct

Pragmatics

form: wh-question
act: ask
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: no
the frame alone: decl · narrate · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)
יֵּלֶךְ he went	wayyiqtol · qal	הוּא he
יָּבֹא he came	wayyiqtol · qal
יִּשְׁאַל he asked	wayyiqtol · qal
יֹּאמֶר he said	wayyiqtol · qal
יֹּאמֶר someone said	wayyiqtol · qal

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וַאֲזַל אַף הוּא לְרָמָתָא וַאֲתָא עַד גוּבָא רַבָּא דִי בְשֵׂכוּ וּשְׁאַל וַאֲמַר אֵיכֹא שְׁמוּאֵל וְדָוִד וַאֲמַר הָא בְּבֵית אוּלְפָנָא בְּרָמָתָא:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Then went he also to Ramah, and came to the great cistern that is in Secu; and he asked and said: 'Where are Samuel and David?' And one said: 'Behold, they are at Naioth in Ramah.'

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:1SA:515.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.19.22/