1 Samuel 20:25 שְׁמוּאֵל א

Who acts: king, Jonathan, Abner, place · What happens: sit, stand up, be · To what, where: seat

This is 1 Samuel 20:25 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — king, Jonathan, Abner, place — and what happens in the verse to seat, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיֵּ֣שֶׁב הַ֠מֶּלֶךְ עַל־מ֨וֹשָׁב֜וֹ כְּפַ֣עַם ׀ בְּפַ֗עַם אֶל־מוֹשַׁב֙ הַקִּ֔יר וַיָּ֙קָם֙ יְה֣וֹנָתָ֔ן וַיֵּ֥שֶׁב אַבְנֵ֖ר מִצַּ֣ד שָׁא֑וּל וַיִּפָּקֵ֖ד מְק֥וֹם דָּוִֽד׃

And the king sat upon his seat, as at other times, even upon the seat by the wall; and Jonathan stood up, and Abner sat by Saul's side; but David's place was empty.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יֵּ֣שֶׁב	cc	and
2	יֵּ֣שֶׁב	יָשַׁב	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he sat down
3	הַ֠	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	4 מֶּלֶךְ	det	the
4	מֶּלֶךְ	מֶלֶךְ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 יֵּ֣שֶׁב	nsubj	king
5	עַל־	עַל	ADP	_	6 מ֨וֹשָׁב	case	on
6	מ֨וֹשָׁב	מוֹשָׁב	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 יֵּ֣שֶׁב	obl	seat
7	֜וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 מ֨וֹשָׁב	nmod:poss	his
8	כְּ	כְּ	ADP	_	9 פַ֣עַם	case	as
9	פַ֣עַם	פַּעַם	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	2 יֵּ֣שֶׁב	obl	time
10	׀	׀	PUNCT	_	9 פַ֣עַם	punct
11	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	12 פַ֗עַם	case	on
12	פַ֗עַם	פַּעַם	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	9 פַ֣עַם	nmod	time
13	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	14 מוֹשַׁב֙	case	to
14	מוֹשַׁב֙	מוֹשָׁב	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 יֵּ֣שֶׁב	obl	the seat
15	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	16 קִּ֔יר	det	of
16	קִּ֔יר	קִיר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	14 מוֹשַׁב֙	compound:smixut	the wall
17	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	18 יָּ֙קָם֙	cc	and
18	יָּ֙קָם֙	קוּם	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יֵּ֣שֶׁב	conj	he arose
19	יְה֣וֹנָתָ֔ן	יְהוֹנָתָן	PROPN	_	18 יָּ֙קָם֙	nsubj	Jonathan
20	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	21 יֵּ֥שֶׁב	cc	and
21	יֵּ֥שֶׁב	יָשַׁב	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יֵּ֣שֶׁב	conj	he sat down
22	אַבְנֵ֖ר	אַבְנֵר	PROPN	_	21 יֵּ֥שֶׁב	nsubj	Abner
23	מִ	מִן	ADP	_	24 צַּ֣ד	case	from
24	צַּ֣ד	צַד	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	21 יֵּ֥שֶׁב	obl	the side
25	שָׁא֑וּל	שָׁאוּל	PROPN	_	24 צַּ֣ד	compound:smixut	of Saul
26	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	27 יִּפָּקֵ֖ד	cc	and
27	יִּפָּקֵ֖ד	פָּקַד	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יֵּ֣שֶׁב	conj	it was empty
28	מְק֥וֹם	מָקוֹם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	27 יִּפָּקֵ֖ד	nsubj	the place
29	דָּוִֽד	דָּוִד	PROPN	_	28 מְק֥וֹם	compound:smixut	of David
30	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	29 דָּוִֽד	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יֵּשֶׁב he sat down	wayyiqtol · qal	מֶּלֶךְ king
יָּקָם he arose	wayyiqtol · qal	יְהוֹנָתָן Jonathan
יֵּשֶׁב he sat down	wayyiqtol · qal	אַבְנֵר Abner
יִּפָּקֵד it was empty	wayyiqtol · niphal		מְקוֹם the place

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וְאַסְחַר מַלְכָּא עַל שִׁוְיֵיהּ כִּזְמַן בִּזְמַן עַל שִׁוְיֵה דִמְתַקַן לֵיהּ בִּסְטַר כּוֹתְלָא וְקָם יְהוֹנָתָן וְאַסְחַר אַבְנֵר מִסִטְרָא דְשָׁאוּל וַהֲוָה אַתְרָא דְדָוִד מַרְוָח:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And the king sat upon his seat, as at other times, even upon the seat by the wall; and Jonathan stood up, and Abner sat by Saul's side; but David's place was empty.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:1SA:542.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.20.25/