1 Samuel 21:2 שְׁמוּאֵל א

Who acts: David, Ahimelech · What happens: come, meet, tremble, say, be · To what, where: Ahimelech, Nob, David · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is 1 Samuel 21:2 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — David, Ahimelech — and what happens in the verse to Ahimelech, Nob, David, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיָּבֹ֤א דָוִד֙ נֹ֔בֶה אֶל־אֲחִימֶ֖לֶךְ הַכֹּהֵ֑ן וַיֶּחֱרַ֨ד אֲחִימֶ֜לֶךְ לִקְרַ֣את דָּוִ֗ד וַיֹּ֤אמֶר לוֹ֙ מַדּ֤וּעַ אַתָּה֙ לְבַדֶּ֔ךָ וְאִ֖ישׁ אֵ֥ין אִתָּֽךְ׃

Then came David to Nob to Ahimelech the priest; and Ahimelech came to meet David trembling, and said unto him: 'Why art thou alone, and no man with thee?'

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יָּבֹ֤א	cc	and
2	יָּבֹ֤א	בּוֹא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he went
3	דָוִד֙	דָּוִד	PROPN	_	2 יָּבֹ֤א	nsubj	David
4	נֹ֔ב	נֹב	PROPN	_	2 יָּבֹ֤א	obl	to
5	ֶה	ה	X	_	4 נֹ֔ב	nmod	Nob
6	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	7 אֲחִימֶ֖לֶךְ	case	to
7	אֲחִימֶ֖לֶךְ	אֲחִימֶלֶךְ	PROPN	_	2 יָּבֹ֤א	obl	Ahimelech
8	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	9 כֹּהֵ֑ן	det	the
9	כֹּהֵ֑ן	כֹּהֵן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	7 אֲחִימֶ֖לֶךְ	appos	priest
10	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	11 יֶּחֱרַ֨ד	cc	and
11	יֶּחֱרַ֨ד	חָרַד	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יָּבֹ֤א	conj	he trembled
12	אֲחִימֶ֜לֶךְ	אֲחִימֶלֶךְ	PROPN	_	11 יֶּחֱרַ֨ד	nsubj	Ahimelech
13	לִ	לְ	ADP	_	14 קְרַ֣את	case	to
14	קְרַ֣את	קָרָא	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	11 יֶּחֱרַ֨ד	advcl	meet
15	דָּוִ֗ד	דָּוִד	PROPN	_	14 קְרַ֣את	obj	David
16	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	17 יֹּ֤אמֶר	cc	and
17	יֹּ֤אמֶר	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יָּבֹ֤א	conj	he said
18	ל	לְ	ADP	_	19 וֹ֙	case	to
19	וֹ֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	17 יֹּ֤אמֶר	obl	him
20	מַדּ֤וּעַ	מַדּוּעַ	ADV	_	23 בַדּ	advmod	why?
21	אַתָּה֙	אַתָּה	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	23 בַדּ	nsubj	[are] you
22	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	23 בַדּ	case	you
23	בַדּ	בַּד	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	17 יֹּ֤אמֶר	ccomp
24	ֶ֔ךָ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	23 בַדּ	nmod:poss	alone
25	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	29 ָֽךְ	cc	and
26	אִ֖ישׁ	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	29 ָֽךְ	nsubj	anyone
27	אֵ֥ין	אַיִן	ADV	_	29 ָֽךְ	advmod	there [is] not
28	אִתּ	אֵת	ADP	_	29 ָֽךְ	case	with
29	ָֽךְ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	23 בַדּ	conj	you
30	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	29 ָֽךְ	punct

Pragmatics

form: wh-question
act: ask
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: yes
the frame alone: decl · narrate · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יָּבֹא he went	wayyiqtol · qal	דָוִד David
יֶּחֱרַד he trembled	wayyiqtol · qal	אֲחִימֶלֶךְ Ahimelech
קְרַאת meet	infinitive construct · qal	אֲחִימֶלֶךְ Ahimelech	דָּוִד David
יֹּאמֶר he said	wayyiqtol · qal	אֲחִימֶלֶךְ Ahimelech

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וַאֲתָא דָוִד לְנוֹב לְוַת אֲחִימֶלֶךְ כַּהֲנָא וְאִתְבְּעִית אֲחִימֶלֶךְ לָקֳדָמוּת דָוִד וַאֲמַר לֵיהּ מָא דֵין אַתְּ בִּלְחוֹדָךְ וּגְבַר לֵית עִמָךְ:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Then came David to Nob to Ahimelech the priest; and Ahimelech came to meet David trembling, and said unto him: 'Why art thou alone, and no man with thee?'

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:1SA:561.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.21.2/