1 Samuel 21:7 שְׁמוּאֵל א

Who acts: priest, bread · What happens: give, be, take, put, take away · To what, where: holy bread, David, showbread, hot bread, it

This is 1 Samuel 21:7 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — priest, bread — and what happens in the verse to holy bread, David, showbread, hot bread, it, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיִּתֶּן־ל֥וֹ הַכֹּהֵ֖ן קֹ֑דֶשׁ כִּי֩ לֹא־הָ֨יָה שָׁ֜ם לֶ֗חֶם כִּֽי־אִם־לֶ֤חֶם הַפָּנִים֙ הַמּֽוּסָרִים֙ מִלִּפְנֵ֣י יְהוָ֔ה לָשׂוּם֙ לֶ֣חֶם חֹ֔ם בְּי֖וֹם הִלָּקְחֽוֹ׃

So the priest gave him holy bread; for there was no bread there but the showbread, that was taken from before the LORD, to put hot bread in the day when it was taken away. —

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יִּתֶּן־	cc	and
2	יִּתֶּן־	נָתַן	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he gave
3	ל	לְ	ADP	_	4 ֥וֹ	case	to
4	֥וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 יִּתֶּן־	obl	him
5	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	6 כֹּהֵ֖ן	det	the
6	כֹּהֵ֖ן	כֹּהֵן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 יִּתֶּן־	nsubj	priest
7	קֹ֑דֶשׁ	קֹדֶשׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 יִּתֶּן־	obj	a holy thing
8	כִּי֩	כִּי	SCONJ	_	10 הָ֨יָה	mark	(dm)
9	לֹא־	לֹא	ADV	_	10 הָ֨יָה	advmod	not
10	הָ֨יָה	הָיָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יִּתֶּן־	advcl	it was
11	שָׁ֜ם	שָׁם	ADV	_	10 הָ֨יָה	advmod	there
12	לֶ֗חֶם	לֶחֶם	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 הָ֨יָה	nsubj	bread
13	כִּֽי־	כִּי	SCONJ	ExtPos=SCONJ	15 לֶ֤חֶם	mark	(dm)
14	אִם־	אִם	SCONJ	_	13 כִּֽי־	fixed	(if)
15	לֶ֤חֶם	לֶחֶם	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 הָ֨יָה	parataxis	the bread
16	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	17 פָּנִים֙	det	of
17	פָּנִים֙	פָּנֶה	NOUN	Number=Plur	15 לֶ֤חֶם	compound:smixut	the presence
18	הַ	הַ	SCONJ	_	19 מּֽוּסָרִים֙	mark	[which
19	מּֽוּסָרִים֙	סוּר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HOPHAL Number=Plur	15 לֶ֤חֶם	appos	had been] removed
20	מִ	מִן	ADP	_	22 פְנֵ֣י	case	from
21	לִּ	לְ	ADP	_	22 פְנֵ֣י	case
22	פְנֵ֣י	פָּנֶה	NOUN	Number=Plur	19 מּֽוּסָרִים֙	obl	before
23	יְהוָ֔ה	יהוה	PROPN	_	22 פְנֵ֣י	compound:smixut	Yahweh
24	לָ	לְ	ADP	_	25 שׂוּם֙	case	to
25	שׂוּם֙	שׂים	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	19 מּֽוּסָרִים֙	advcl	put
26	לֶ֣חֶם	לֶחֶם	NOUN	Number=Sing	25 שׂוּם֙	obj	bread
27	חֹ֔ם	חֹם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	26 לֶ֣חֶם	compound:smixut	of heat
28	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	29 י֖וֹם	case	on
29	י֖וֹם	יוֹם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	25 שׂוּם֙	obl	the day
30	הִלָּקְח	לָקַח	VERB	HebBinyan=NIPHAL	29 י֖וֹם	acl	it
31	ֽוֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	30 הִלָּקְח	nsubj	was taken away
32	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	31 ֽוֹ	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: yes

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יִּתֶּן־ he gave	wayyiqtol · qal	כֹּהֵן priest	קֹדֶשׁ a holy thing
not הָיָה it was	qatal · qal	לֶחֶם bread
מּֽוּסָרִים had been] removed	participle passive · hophal		לֶחֶם the bread
שׂוּם put	infinitive construct · qal	לֶחֶם the bread	לֶחֶם bread
הִלָּקְח it	infinitive construct · niphal		ֽוֹ was taken away

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וִיהַב לֵיהּ כַּהֲנָא קֻדְשָׁא אֲרֵי לָא הֲוָה תַמָן לְחֵם חוֹלִין אֱלָהֵין לְחַם אַפַּיָא דְמַעְדָן מִן קֳדָם יְיָ לְשַׁוְיוּתֵיהּ לְחֵם חַמִים בְּיוֹם אִתְנְסִיבוּתֵיהּ:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

So the priest gave him holy bread; for there was no bread there but the showbread, that was taken from before the LORD, to put hot bread in the day when it was taken away. —

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:1SA:566.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.21.7/