1 Samuel 23:5 שְׁמוּאֵל א

Who acts: David · What happens: go, fight, bring away, slay, save · To what, where: Keilah, cattle, Philistines, inhabitants

This is 1 Samuel 23:5 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — David — and what happens in the verse to Keilah, cattle, Philistines, inhabitants, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיֵּ֣לֶךְ דָּוִד֩ וַאֲנָשָׁ֨יו קְעִילָ֜ה וַיִּלָּ֣חֶם בַּפְּלִשְׁתִּ֗ים וַיִּנְהַג֙ אֶת־מִקְנֵיהֶ֔ם וַיַּ֥ךְ בָּהֶ֖ם מַכָּ֣ה גְדוֹלָ֑ה וַיֹּ֣שַׁע דָּוִ֔ד אֵ֖ת יֹשְׁבֵ֥י קְעִילָֽה׃ס

And David and his men went to Keilah, and fought with the Philistines, and brought away their cattle, and slew them with a great slaughter. So David saved the inhabitants of Keilah.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יֵּ֣לֶךְ	cc	and
2	יֵּ֣לֶךְ	הלך	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he went
3	דָּוִד֩	דָּוִד	PROPN	_	2 יֵּ֣לֶךְ	nsubj	David
4	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	5 אֲנָשָׁ֨י	cc	and
5	אֲנָשָׁ֨י	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	3 דָּוִד֩	conj	men
6	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 אֲנָשָׁ֨י	nmod:poss	his
7	קְעִילָ֜ה	קְעִילָה	PROPN	_	2 יֵּ֣לֶךְ	obl	Keilah
8	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	9 יִּלָּ֣חֶם	cc	and
9	יִּלָּ֣חֶם	לָחַם	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יֵּ֣לֶךְ	conj	he fought
10	בַּ	בְּ	ADP	_	12 פְּלִשְׁתִּ֗ים	case	against
11	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	12 פְּלִשְׁתִּ֗ים	det	the
12	פְּלִשְׁתִּ֗ים	פְּלִשְׁתִּי	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	9 יִּלָּ֣חֶם	obl	Philistines
13	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	14 יִּנְהַג֙	cc	and
14	יִּנְהַג֙	נָהַג	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יֵּ֣לֶךְ	conj	he drove away
15	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	16 מִקְנֵי	case	(et)
16	מִקְנֵי	מִקְנֶה	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	14 יִּנְהַג֙	obj	livestock
17	הֶ֔ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	16 מִקְנֵי	nmod:poss	their
18	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	19 יַּ֥ךְ	cc	and
19	יַּ֥ךְ	נָכָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יֵּ֣לֶךְ	conj	he defeated
20	בּ	בְּ	ADP	_	21 ָהֶ֖ם	case	(in)
21	ָהֶ֖ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	19 יַּ֥ךְ	obl	them
22	מַכָּ֣ה	מַכָּה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	19 יַּ֥ךְ	obl	a defeat
23	גְדוֹלָ֑ה	גָּדוֹל	ADJ	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	22 מַכָּ֣ה	amod	great
24	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	25 יֹּ֣שַׁע	cc	and
25	יֹּ֣שַׁע	יָשַׁע	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יֵּ֣לֶךְ	conj	he delivered
26	דָּוִ֔ד	דָּוִד	PROPN	_	25 יֹּ֣שַׁע	nsubj	David
27	אֵ֖ת	אֵת	ADP	_	28 יֹשְׁבֵ֥י	case	(et)
28	יֹשְׁבֵ֥י	יָשַׁב	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur	25 יֹּ֣שַׁע	obj	the inhabitants
29	קְעִילָֽה	קְעִילָה	PROPN	_	28 יֹשְׁבֵ֥י	compound:smixut	of Keilah
30	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	29 קְעִילָֽה	punct
31	ס	ס	PUNCT	_	29 קְעִילָֽה	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	who makes it happen (AA)
יֵּלֶךְ he went	wayyiqtol · qal	דָּוִד David + אֲנָשָׁי men
יִּלָּחֶם he fought	wayyiqtol · niphal	דָּוִד David
יִּנְהַג he drove away	wayyiqtol · qal	דָּוִד David	מִקְנֵי livestock
יַּךְ he defeated	wayyiqtol · hiphil	דָּוִד David
יֹּשַׁע he delivered	wayyiqtol · hiphil	יֹשְׁבֵי the inhabitants		דָּוִד David

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וַאֲזַל דָוִד וְגַבְרוֹהִי לִקְעִילָה וְאַגִיחַ קְרָבָא בִּפְלִשְׁתָּאֵי וּדְבַר יַת גֵיתֵיהוֹן וּמְחָא בְהוֹן מְחָא סַגִיאָה וּפְרַק דָוִד יַת יַתְבֵי קְעִילָה:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:1SA:603.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.23.5/