1 Samuel 23:9 שְׁמוּאֵל א

Who acts: David, Saul · What happens: know, devise, say, bring · To what, where: mischief, Abiathar, ephod · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is 1 Samuel 23:9 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — David, Saul — and what happens in the verse to mischief, Abiathar, ephod, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיֵּ֣דַע דָּוִ֔ד כִּ֣י עָלָ֔יו שָׁא֖וּל מַחֲרִ֣ישׁ הָרָעָ֑ה וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ אֶל־אֶבְיָתָ֣ר הַכֹּהֵ֔ן הַגִּ֖ישָׁה הָאֵפֽוֹד׃ס

And David knew that Saul devised mischief against him; and he said to Abiathar the priest: 'Bring hither the ephod.'

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יֵּ֣דַע	cc	and
2	יֵּ֣דַע	יָדַע	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he knew
3	דָּוִ֔ד	דָּוִד	PROPN	_	2 יֵּ֣דַע	nsubj	David
4	כִּ֣י	כִּי	SCONJ	_	8 מַחֲרִ֣ישׁ	mark	(dm) that
5	עָלָ֔י	עַל	ADP	_	6 ו	case	on
6	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 מַחֲרִ֣ישׁ	obl	him
7	שָׁא֖וּל	שָׁאוּל	PROPN	_	8 מַחֲרִ֣ישׁ	nsubj	Saul
8	מַחֲרִ֣ישׁ	חָרַשׁ	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing	2 יֵּ֣דַע	ccomp	[was] plotting
9	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	10 רָעָ֑ה	det	the
10	רָעָ֑ה	רָעָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	8 מַחֲרִ֣ישׁ	obj	evil
11	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	12 יֹּ֙אמֶר֙	cc	and
12	יֹּ֙אמֶר֙	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יֵּ֣דַע	conj	he said
13	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	14 אֶבְיָתָ֣ר	case	to
14	אֶבְיָתָ֣ר	אֶבְיָתָר	PROPN	_	12 יֹּ֙אמֶר֙	obl	Abiathar
15	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	16 כֹּהֵ֔ן	det	the
16	כֹּהֵ֔ן	כֹּהֵן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	14 אֶבְיָתָ֣ר	appos	priest
17	הַגִּ֖ישׁ	נָגַשׁ	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=2	12 יֹּ֙אמֶר֙	ccomp	bring
18	ָה	ה	X	_	17 הַגִּ֖ישׁ	nmod	near
19	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	20 אֵפֽוֹד	det	the
20	אֵפֽוֹד	אֵפֹד	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	17 הַגִּ֖ישׁ	obj	ephod
21	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	20 אֵפֽוֹד	punct
22	ס	ס	PUNCT	_	20 אֵפֽוֹד	punct

Pragmatics

form: command
act: request
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: no
the frame alone: decl · narrate · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	who makes it happen (AA)
יֵּדַע he knew	wayyiqtol · qal	דָּוִד David	מַחֲרִישׁ [was] plotting
מַחֲרִישׁ [was] plotting	participle active · hiphil	רָעָה evil		שָׁאוּל Saul
יֹּאמֶר he said	wayyiqtol · qal	דָּוִד David
הַגִּישׁ bring	imperative · hiphil	אֵפֽוֹד ephod		אֶבְיָתָר Abiathar

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וִידַע דָוִד אֲרֵי עֲלוֹהִי שָׁאוּל כָּמִין בִּישְׁתָא וַאֲמַר לְאֶבְיָתָר כַּהֲנָא קְרֵיב אֵפוֹדָא:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And David knew that Saul devised mischief against him; and he said to Abiathar the priest: 'Bring hither the ephod.'

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:1SA:607.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.23.9/