1 Samuel 25:10 שְׁמוּאֵל א

Who acts: Nabal, David, many servants · What happens: answer, say, be, break away · To what, where: servants, David, son, man · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is 1 Samuel 25:10 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Nabal, David, many servants — and what happens in the verse to servants, David, son, man, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיַּ֨עַן נָבָ֜ל אֶת־עַבְדֵ֤י דָוִד֙ וַיֹּ֔אמֶר מִ֥י דָוִ֖ד וּמִ֣י בֶן־יִשָׁ֑י הַיּוֹם֙ רַבּ֣וּ עֲבָדִ֔ים הַמִּתְפָּ֣רְצִ֔ים אִ֖ישׁ מִפְּנֵ֥י אֲדֹנָֽיו׃

And Nabal answered David's servants, and said: 'Who is David? and who is the son of Jesse? there are many servants now-a-days that break away every man from his master;

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יַּ֨עַן	cc	and
2	יַּ֨עַן	עָנָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he answered
3	נָבָ֜ל	נָבָל	PROPN	_	2 יַּ֨עַן	nsubj	Nabal
4	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	5 עַבְדֵ֤י	case	(et)
5	עַבְדֵ֤י	עֶבֶד	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	2 יַּ֨עַן	obj	the servants
6	דָוִד֙	דָּוִד	PROPN	_	5 עַבְדֵ֤י	compound:smixut	of David
7	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	8 יֹּ֔אמֶר	cc	and
8	יֹּ֔אמֶר	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יַּ֨עַן	conj	he said
9	מִ֥י	מִי	PRON	PronType=Int	8 יֹּ֔אמֶר	ccomp	who?
10	דָוִ֖ד	דָּוִד	PROPN	_	9 מִ֥י	nsubj	[is] David
11	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	12 מִ֣י	cc	and
12	מִ֣י	מִי	PRON	PronType=Int	9 מִ֥י	conj	who?
13	בֶן־	בֵּן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	12 מִ֣י	nsubj	[is] the son
14	יִשָׁ֑י	יִשַׁי	PROPN	_	13 בֶן־	compound:smixut	of Jesse
15	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	16 יּוֹם֙	det	this
16	יּוֹם֙	יוֹם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	17 רַבּ֣וּ	obl	day
17	רַבּ֣וּ	רבב	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	9 מִ֥י	parataxis	they are many
18	עֲבָדִ֔ים	עֶבֶד	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	17 רַבּ֣וּ	nsubj	servants
19	הַ	הַ	SCONJ	_	20 מִּתְפָּ֣רְצִ֔ים	mark	[who] break
20	מִּתְפָּ֣רְצִ֔ים	פָּרַץ	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HITHPAEL Number=Plur	18 עֲבָדִ֔ים	appos	away
21	אִ֖ישׁ	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	20 מִּתְפָּ֣רְצִ֔ים	obl	each one
22	מִ	מִן	ADP	_	23 פְּנֵ֥י	case	from
23	פְּנֵ֥י	פָּנֶה	NOUN	Number=Plur	20 מִּתְפָּ֣רְצִ֔ים	obl	before
24	אֲדֹנָֽי	אָדוֹן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	23 פְּנֵ֥י	compound:smixut	master(s)
25	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	24 אֲדֹנָֽי	nmod:poss	his
26	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	25 ו	punct

Pragmatics

form: wh-question
act: ask
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: no
the frame alone: decl · narrate · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יַּעַן he answered	wayyiqtol · qal	נָבָל Nabal	עַבְדֵי the servants
יֹּאמֶר he said	wayyiqtol · qal	נָבָל Nabal
רַבּוּ they are many	qatal · qal	עֲבָדִים servants
מִּתְפָּרְצִים away	participle active · hithpael	עֲבָדִים servants

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וַאֲתֵיב נָבָל יַת עַבְדֵי דָוִד וַאֲמַר מַן דָוִד וּמַן בַּר יִשַׁי יוֹמָא דֵין דְסַגִיאִין עַבְדַיָא דְעָרְקִין וּדְמִטַמְרִין גְבַר מִן קֳדָם רִבּוֹנֵיהּ:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And Nabal answered David's servants, and said: 'Who is David? and who is the son of Jesse? there are many servants now-a-days that break away every man from his master;

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:1SA:659.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.25.10/