1 Samuel 30:12 שְׁמוּאֵל א

Who acts: David, Abiathar, spirit · What happens: give, eat, come back, drink · To what, where: piece, Abiathar, bread, water

This is 1 Samuel 30:12 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — David, Abiathar, spirit — and what happens in the verse to piece, Abiathar, bread, water, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיִּתְּנוּ־לוֹ֩ פֶ֨לַח דְּבֵלָ֜ה וּשְׁנֵ֤י צִמֻּקִים֙ וַיֹּ֔אכַל וַתָּ֥שָׁב רוּח֖וֹ אֵלָ֑יו כִּ֠י לֹֽא־אָ֤כַל לֶ֙חֶם֙ וְלֹא־שָׁ֣תָה מַ֔יִם שְׁלֹשָׁ֥ה יָמִ֖ים וּשְׁלֹשָׁ֥ה לֵילֽוֹת׃ס

and they gave him a piece of a cake of figs, and two clusters of raisins; and when he had eaten, his spirit came back to him; for he had eaten no bread, nor drunk any water, three days and three nights.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יִּתְּנוּ־	cc	and
2	יִּתְּנוּ־	נָתַן	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	root	root	they gave
3	ל	לְ	ADP	_	4 וֹ֩	case	to
4	וֹ֩	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 יִּתְּנוּ־	obl	him
5	פֶ֨לַח	פֶּלַח	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	2 יִּתְּנוּ־	obj	a slice
6	דְּבֵלָ֜ה	דְּבֵלָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	5 פֶ֨לַח	compound:smixut	of fig cake
7	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	9 צִמֻּקִים֙	cc	and
8	שְׁנֵ֤י	שְׁנַיִם	NUM	Gender=Masc Number=Dual	9 צִמֻּקִים֙	nummod	two
9	צִמֻּקִים֙	צִמּוּקִים	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	5 פֶ֨לַח	conj	bunches of raisins
10	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	11 יֹּ֔אכַל	cc	and
11	יֹּ֔אכַל	אָכַל	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יִּתְּנוּ־	conj	he ate
12	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	13 תָּ֥שָׁב	cc	and
13	תָּ֥שָׁב	שׁוּב	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יִּתְּנוּ־	conj	it returned
14	רוּח	רוּחַ	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 תָּ֥שָׁב	nsubj	spirit
15	֖וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 רוּח	nmod:poss	his
16	אֵלָ֑י	אֶל	ADP	_	17 ו	case	to
17	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 תָּ֥שָׁב	obl	him
18	כִּ֠י	כִּי	SCONJ	_	20 אָ֤כַל	mark	(dm)
19	לֹֽא־	לֹא	ADV	_	20 אָ֤כַל	advmod	not
20	אָ֤כַל	אָכַל	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יִּתְּנוּ־	advcl	he had eaten
21	לֶ֙חֶם֙	לֶחֶם	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 אָ֤כַל	obj	food
22	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	24 שָׁ֣תָה	cc	and
23	לֹא־	לֹא	ADV	_	24 שָׁ֣תָה	advmod	not
24	שָׁ֣תָה	שָׁתָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יִּתְּנוּ־	conj	he had drunk
25	מַ֔יִם	מַיִם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	24 שָׁ֣תָה	obj	water
26	שְׁלֹשָׁ֥ה	שָׁלֹשׁ	NUM	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	27 יָמִ֖ים	nummod	three
27	יָמִ֖ים	יוֹם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	24 שָׁ֣תָה	obl	days
28	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	30 לֵילֽוֹת	cc	and
29	שְׁלֹשָׁ֥ה	שָׁלֹשׁ	NUM	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	30 לֵילֽוֹת	nummod	three
30	לֵילֽוֹת	לַיְלָה	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	27 יָמִ֖ים	conj	nights
31	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	30 לֵילֽוֹת	punct
32	ס	ס	PUNCT	_	30 לֵילֽוֹת	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: yes

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יִּתְּנוּ־ they gave	wayyiqtol · qal		פֶלַח a slice + צִמֻּקִים bunches of raisins
יֹּאכַל he ate	wayyiqtol · qal		פֶלַח a slice + צִמֻּקִים bunches of raisins
תָּשָׁב it returned	wayyiqtol · qal	רוּח spirit
not אָכַל he had eaten	qatal · qal		לֶחֶם food
not שָׁתָה he had drunk	qatal · qal		מַיִם water

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וִיהָבוּ לֵיהּ פִּילַס דְבֵלְתָּא וּתְרֵין אִיתְכְּלִין דְעִינְבִין יַבִּישִׁין וְאָכַל וְתָבַת רוּחֵיהּ לֵיהּ אֲרֵי לָא אֲכַל לַחְמָא וְלָא שָׁתָא מַיָא תְּלָתָא יְמָמִין וּתְלָתָא לֵילַוָן:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

and they gave him a piece of a cake of figs, and two clusters of raisins; and when he had eaten, his spirit came back to him; for he had eaten no bread, nor drunk any water, three days and three nights.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:1SA:778.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.30.12/