1 Samuel 30:18 שְׁמוּאֵל א

Who acts: David, Amalekites · What happens: recover, take, rescue · To what, where: all, two wives

This is 1 Samuel 30:18 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — David, Amalekites — and what happens in the verse to all, two wives, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיַּצֵּ֣ל דָּוִ֔ד אֵ֛ת כָּל־אֲשֶׁ֥ר לָקְח֖וּ עֲמָלֵ֑ק וְאֶת־שְׁתֵּ֥י נָשָׁ֖יו הִצִּ֥יל דָּוִֽד׃

And David recovered all that the Amalekites had taken; and David rescued his two wives.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יַּצֵּ֣ל	cc	and
2	יַּצֵּ֣ל	נָצַל	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he rescued
3	דָּוִ֔ד	דָּוִד	PROPN	_	2 יַּצֵּ֣ל	nsubj	David
4	אֵ֛ת	אֵת	ADP	_	5 כָּל־	case	(et)
5	כָּל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 יַּצֵּ֣ל	obj	all
6	אֲשֶׁ֥ר	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	7 לָקְח֖וּ	mark	that
7	לָקְח֖וּ	לָקַח	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	5 כָּל־	acl:relcl	they had taken
8	עֲמָלֵ֑ק	עֲמָלֵק	PROPN	_	7 לָקְח֖וּ	nsubj	Amalek
9	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	14 הִצִּ֥יל	cc	and
10	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	12 נָשָׁ֖י	case	(et)
11	שְׁתֵּ֥י	שְׁנַיִם	NUM	Gender=Fem Number=Dual	12 נָשָׁ֖י	nummod	the two
12	נָשָׁ֖י	אִשָּׁה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Plur	14 הִצִּ֥יל	obj	wives
13	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 נָשָׁ֖י	nmod:poss	his
14	הִצִּ֥יל	נָצַל	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יַּצֵּ֣ל	conj	he rescued
15	דָּוִֽד	דָּוִד	PROPN	_	14 הִצִּ֥יל	nsubj	David
16	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	15 דָּוִֽד	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	who makes it happen (AA)
יַּצֵּל he rescued	wayyiqtol · hiphil	כָּל־ all		דָּוִד David
לָקְחוּ they had taken	qatal · qal	עֲמָלֵק Amalek	כָּל־ all
הִצִּיל he rescued	qatal · hiphil	נָשָׁי wives		דָּוִֽד David

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וְשֵׁיזִיב דָוִד יַת כָּל דִשְׁבוֹ עֲמַלְקָאֵי וְיַת תַּרְתֵּין נְשׁוֹהִי שֵׁיזִיב דָוִד:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And David recovered all that the Amalekites had taken; and David rescued his two wives.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:1SA:784.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.30.18/