1 Samuel 8:3 שְׁמוּאֵל א

Who acts: sons · What happens: not walk, turn, take, pervert · To what, where: ways, bribes, justice

This is 1 Samuel 8:3 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — sons — and what happens in the verse to ways, bribes, justice, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וְלֹֽא־הָלְכ֤וּ בָנָיו֙ בִּדְרָכָ֔יו וַיִּטּ֖וּ אַחֲרֵ֣י הַבָּ֑צַע וַיִּ֨קְחוּ־שֹׁ֔חַד וַיַּטּ֖וּ מִשְׁפָּֽט׃פ

And his sons walked not in his ways, but turned aside after lucre, and took bribes, and perverted justice.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	3 הָלְכ֤וּ	cc	and
2	לֹֽא־	לֹא	ADV	_	3 הָלְכ֤וּ	advmod	not
3	הָלְכ֤וּ	הָלַךְ	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	root	root	they walked
4	בָנָי	בֵּן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	3 הָלְכ֤וּ	nsubj	sons
5	ו֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 בָנָי	nmod:poss	his
6	בִּ	בְּ	ADP	_	7 דְרָכָ֔י	case	in
7	דְרָכָ֔י	דֶּרֶךְ	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 הָלְכ֤וּ	obl	ways
8	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 דְרָכָ֔י	nmod:poss	his
9	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	10 יִּטּ֖וּ	cc	and
10	יִּטּ֖וּ	נָטָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	3 הָלְכ֤וּ	conj	they turned aside
11	אַחֲרֵ֣י	אַחַר	ADP	_	13 בָּ֑צַע	case	after
12	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	13 בָּ֑צַע	det	(the) unjust
13	בָּ֑צַע	בֶּצַע	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	10 יִּטּ֖וּ	obl	gain
14	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	15 יִּ֨קְחוּ־	cc	and
15	יִּ֨קְחוּ־	לָקַח	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	3 הָלְכ֤וּ	conj	they took
16	שֹׁ֔חַד	שֹׁחַד	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	15 יִּ֨קְחוּ־	obj	a bribe
17	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	18 יַּטּ֖וּ	cc	and
18	יַּטּ֖וּ	נָטָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Plur Person=3	3 הָלְכ֤וּ	conj	they turned aside
19	מִשְׁפָּֽט	מִשְׁפָּט	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	18 יַּטּ֖וּ	obj	justice
20	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	19 מִשְׁפָּֽט	punct
21	פ	פ	PUNCT	_	19 מִשְׁפָּֽט	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: yes

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	who makes it happen (AA)
not הָלְכוּ they walked	qatal · qal	בָנָי sons
יִּטּוּ they turned aside	wayyiqtol · qal	בָנָי sons
יִּקְחוּ־ they took	wayyiqtol · qal	בָנָי sons	שֹׁחַד a bribe
יַּטּוּ they turned aside	wayyiqtol · hiphil	מִשְׁפָּֽט justice		בָנָי sons

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וְלָא הֲלִיכוּ בְנוֹהִי בְּאוֹרְחָתֵיהּ וְאִתְפְּנִיאוּ בָּתַר מָמוֹן דִשְׁקָר וְקַבִילוּ שׁוֹחֲדָא וְצַלוּ דִינָא:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And his sons walked not in his ways, but turned aside after lucre, and took bribes, and perverted justice.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:1SA:159.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.8.3/