2 Kings 17:25 מְלָכִים ב

Who acts: men, LORD, lions · What happens: not fear, send, kill, begin · To what, where: LORD, beginning, lions, some, dwelling

This is 2 Kings 17:25 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — men, LORD, lions — and what happens in the verse to LORD, beginning, lions, some, dwelling, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 25 chapters of 2 Kings on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיְהִ֗י בִּתְחִלַּת֙ שִׁבְתָּ֣ם שָׁ֔ם לֹ֥א יָרְא֖וּ אֶת־יְהוָ֑ה וַיְשַׁלַּ֨ח יְהוָ֤ה בָּהֶם֙ אֶת־הָ֣אֲרָי֔וֹת וַיִּֽהְי֥וּ הֹרְגִ֖ים בָּהֶֽם׃

And so it was, at the beginning of their dwelling there, that they feared not the LORD; therefore the LORD sent lions among them, which killed some of them.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יְהִ֗י	cc	and
2	יְהִ֗י	הָיָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	it was
3	בִּ	בְּ	ADP	_	4 תְחִלַּת֙	case	at
4	תְחִלַּת֙	תְּחִלָּה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	2 יְהִ֗י	obl	the beginning
5	שִׁבְתּ	יָשַׁב	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	4 תְחִלַּת֙	acl	of
6	ָ֣ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 שִׁבְתּ	nsubj	their dwelling
7	שָׁ֔ם	שָׁם	ADV	_	5 שִׁבְתּ	advmod	there
8	לֹ֥א	לֹא	ADV	_	9 יָרְא֖וּ	advmod	not
9	יָרְא֖וּ	יָרֵא	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	2 יְהִ֗י	parataxis	they feared
10	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	11 יְהוָ֑ה	case	(et)
11	יְהוָ֑ה	יהוה	PROPN	_	9 יָרְא֖וּ	obj	Yahweh
12	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	13 יְשַׁלַּ֨ח	cc	and
13	יְשַׁלַּ֨ח	שָׁלַח	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יְהִ֗י	conj	he sent
14	יְהוָ֤ה	יהוה	PROPN	_	13 יְשַׁלַּ֨ח	nsubj	Yahweh
15	בּ	בְּ	ADP	_	16 ָהֶם֙	case	among
16	ָהֶם֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 יְשַׁלַּ֨ח	obl	them
17	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	19 אֲרָי֔וֹת	case	(et)
18	הָ֣	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	19 אֲרָי֔וֹת	det	(the)
19	אֲרָי֔וֹת	אֲרִי	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	13 יְשַׁלַּ֨ח	obj	lions
20	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	22 הֹרְגִ֖ים	cc	and
21	יִּֽהְי֥וּ	הָיָה	AUX	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	22 הֹרְגִ֖ים	cop	they were
22	הֹרְגִ֖ים	הָרַג	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur	2 יְהִ֗י	conj	killing
23	בּ	בְּ	ADP	_	24 ָהֶֽם	case	in
24	ָהֶֽם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	22 הֹרְגִ֖ים	obl	them
25	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	24 ָהֶֽם	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: yes

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
שִׁבְתּ of	infinitive construct · qal	ָם their dwelling
not יָרְאוּ they feared	qatal · qal		יְהוָה Yahweh
יְשַׁלַּח he sent	wayyiqtol · piel	יְהוָה Yahweh	אֲרָיוֹת lions
יִּֽהְיוּ they were	wayyiqtol · qal	אֲרָיוֹת lions
הֹרְגִים killing	participle active · qal	אֲרָיוֹת lions

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וַהֲוָה בִּשְׁרָיוּת לְמֵיתַבְהוֹן תַּמָן לָא הֲווֹ דַחֲלִין מִן קֳדָם יְיָ וְגָרֵי יְיָ בְּהוֹן יַת אַרְיְוָתָא וַהֲווֹ קַטְלִין בְּהוֹן:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And so it was, at the beginning of their dwelling there, that they feared not the LORD; therefore the LORD sent lions among them, which killed some of them.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:2KI:474.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.17.25/