2 Kings 19:8 מְלָכִים ב

Who acts: Rab, king · What happens: return, find, war, hear, depart · To what, where: king, Lachish · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is 2 Kings 19:8 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Rab, king — and what happens in the verse to king, Lachish, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 25 chapters of 2 Kings on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיָּ֙שָׁב֙ רַב־שָׁקֵ֔ה וַיִּמְצָא֙ אֶת־מֶ֣לֶךְ אַשּׁ֔וּר נִלְחָ֖ם עַל־לִבְנָ֑ה כִּ֣י שָׁמַ֔ע כִּ֥י נָסַ֖ע מִלָּכִֽישׁ׃

So Rab-shakeh returned, and found the king of Assyria warring against Libnah; for he had heard that he was departed from Lachish.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יָּ֙שָׁב֙	cc	and
2	יָּ֙שָׁב֙	שׁוּב	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he returned
3	רַב־	רַב־שָׁקֵה	PROPN	_	2 יָּ֙שָׁב֙	nsubj	[the] Rab-
4	שָׁקֵ֔ה	רַבְשָׁקֵה	PROPN	_	3 רַב־	compound:smixut	shaqeh
5	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	6 יִּמְצָא֙	cc	and
6	יִּמְצָא֙	מָצָא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יָּ֙שָׁב֙	conj	he found
7	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	10 נִלְחָ֖ם	case	(et)
8	מֶ֣לֶךְ	מֶלֶךְ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	10 נִלְחָ֖ם	nsubj	the king
9	אַשּׁ֔וּר	אַשּׁוּר	PROPN	_	8 מֶ֣לֶךְ	compound:smixut	of Assyria
10	נִלְחָ֖ם	לָחַם	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Sing	6 יִּמְצָא֙	obj	fighting
11	עַל־	עַל	ADP	_	12 לִבְנָ֑ה	case	on
12	לִבְנָ֑ה	לִבְנָה	PROPN	_	10 נִלְחָ֖ם	obl	Libnah
13	כִּ֣י	כִּי	SCONJ	_	14 שָׁמַ֔ע	mark	(dm)
14	שָׁמַ֔ע	שָׁמַע	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יָּ֙שָׁב֙	advcl	he had heard
15	כִּ֥י	כִּי	SCONJ	_	16 נָסַ֖ע	mark	(dm) that
16	נָסַ֖ע	נָסַע	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	14 שָׁמַ֔ע	ccomp	he had set out
17	מִ	מִן	ADP	_	18 לָּכִֽישׁ	case	from
18	לָּכִֽישׁ	לָכִישׁ	PROPN	_	16 נָסַ֖ע	obl	Lachish
19	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	18 לָּכִֽישׁ	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יָּשָׁב he returned	wayyiqtol · qal	רַב־ [the] Rab-
יִּמְצָא he found	wayyiqtol · qal	רַב־ [the] Rab-	נִלְחָם fighting
נִלְחָם fighting	participle active · niphal	מֶלֶךְ the king
שָׁמַע he had heard	qatal · qal	רַב־ [the] Rab-	נָסַע he had set out
נָסַע he had set out	qatal · qal	מֶלֶךְ the king

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וְתַב רַבְשָׁקֵה וְאַשְׁכַּח יַת מַלְכָּא דְאַתּוּר מַגִיחַ קְרָבָא עַל לִבְנָה אֲרֵי שְׁמַע אֲרֵי נְטַל מִלָכִישׁ:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

So Rab-shakeh returned, and found the king of Assyria warring against Libnah; for he had heard that he was departed from Lachish.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:2KI:535.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.19.8/