2 Kings 3:21 מְלָכִים ב

Who acts: Moabites, kings · What happens: hear, come up, fight, gather, be, put on · To what, where: Moabites, armour, border · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is 2 Kings 3:21 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Moabites, kings — and what happens in the verse to Moabites, armour, border, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 25 chapters of 2 Kings on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וְכָל־מוֹאָב֙ שָֽׁמְע֔וּ כִּֽי־עָל֥וּ הַמְּלָכִ֖ים לְהִלָּ֣חֶם בָּ֑ם וַיִּצָּעֲק֗וּ מִכֹּ֨ל חֹגֵ֤ר חֲגֹרָה֙ וָמַ֔עְלָה וַיַּעַמְד֖וּ עַֽל־הַגְּבֽוּל׃

Now when all the Moabites heard that the kings were come up to fight against them, they gathered themselves together, all that were able to put on armour, and upward, and stood on the border.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	4 שָֽׁמְע֔וּ	cc	and
2	כָל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	4 שָֽׁמְע֔וּ	nsubj	all
3	מוֹאָב֙	מוֹאָב	PROPN	_	2 כָל־	compound:smixut	Moab
4	שָֽׁמְע֔וּ	שָׁמַע	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	root	root	they had heard
5	כִּֽי־	כִּי	SCONJ	_	6 עָל֥וּ	mark	(dm) that
6	עָל֥וּ	עָלָה	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	4 שָֽׁמְע֔וּ	ccomp	they had come up
7	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	8 מְּלָכִ֖ים	det	the
8	מְּלָכִ֖ים	מֶלֶךְ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	6 עָל֥וּ	nsubj	kings
9	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	10 הִלָּ֣חֶם	case	to
10	הִלָּ֣חֶם	לָחַם	VERB	HebBinyan=NIPHAL	6 עָל֥וּ	advcl	fight
11	בּ	בְּ	ADP	_	12 ָ֑ם	case	against
12	ָ֑ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 הִלָּ֣חֶם	obl	them
13	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	14 יִּצָּעֲק֗וּ	cc	and
14	יִּצָּעֲק֗וּ	צָעַק	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Plur Person=3	4 שָֽׁמְע֔וּ	conj	they were summoned
15	מִ	מִן	ADP	_	16 כֹּ֨ל	case	from
16	כֹּ֨ל	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	14 יִּצָּעֲק֗וּ	obl	every
17	חֹגֵ֤ר	חָגַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing	16 כֹּ֨ל	compound:smixut	[one who] girds on
18	חֲגֹרָה֙	חֲגוֹרָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	17 חֹגֵ֤ר	compound:smixut	a belt
19	וָ	וְ	CCONJ	_	20 מַ֔עְל	cc	and
20	מַ֔עְל	מַעַל	ADV	_	17 חֹגֵ֤ר	conj	upward
21	ָה	ה	X	_	20 מַ֔עְל	nmod	upwards
22	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	23 יַּעַמְד֖וּ	cc	and
23	יַּעַמְד֖וּ	עָמַד	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	4 שָֽׁמְע֔וּ	conj	they took their stand
24	עַֽל־	עַל	ADP	_	26 גְּבֽוּל	case	at
25	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	26 גְּבֽוּל	det	the
26	גְּבֽוּל	גְּבוּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	23 יַּעַמְד֖וּ	obl	border
27	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	26 גְּבֽוּל	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
שָֽׁמְעוּ they had heard	qatal · qal	מוֹאָב Moab	עָלוּ they had come up
עָלוּ they had come up	qatal · qal	מְּלָכִים kings
הִלָּחֶם fight	infinitive construct · niphal	מְּלָכִים kings
יִּצָּעֲקוּ they were summoned	wayyiqtol · niphal		מוֹאָב Moab
חֹגֵר [one who] girds on	participle active · qal		חֲגֹרָה a belt
יַּעַמְדוּ they took their stand	wayyiqtol · qal	מוֹאָב Moab

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וְכָל מוֹאֲבָאֵי שְׁמָעוּ אֲרֵי סְלִיקוּ מַלְכַיָא לְאַגָחָא קְרָבָא בְּהוֹן וְאִתְכְּנִישׁוּ מִכֹּל אֲסִירֵי סַיְפָא וּלְעֵילָא וְקָמוּ עַל תְּחוּמָא:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Now when all the Moabites heard that the kings were come up to fight against them, they gathered themselves together, all that were able to put on armour, and upward, and stood on the border.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:2KI:63.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.3.21/