2 Samuel 1:16 שְׁמוּאֵל ב

Who acts: David, blood, mouth, I · What happens: say, be, testify, slay · To what, where: anointed · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is 2 Samuel 1:16 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — David, blood, mouth, I — and what happens in the verse to anointed, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of 2 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיֹּ֤אמֶר אֵלָיו֙ דָּוִ֔ד דָּמְךָ֖ עַל־רֹאשֶׁ֑ךָ כִּ֣י פִ֗יךָ עָנָ֤ה בְךָ֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר אָנֹכִ֥י מֹתַ֖תִּי אֶת־מְשִׁ֥יחַ יְהוָֽה׃ס

And David said unto him: 'Thy blood be upon thy head; for thy mouth hath testified against thee, saying: I have slain the LORD'S anointed.'

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יֹּ֤אמֶר	cc	and
2	יֹּ֤אמֶר	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he said
3	אֵלָי	אֶל	ADP	_	4 ו֙	case	to
4	ו֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 יֹּ֤אמֶר	obl	him
5	דָּוִ֔ד	דָּוִד	PROPN	_	2 יֹּ֤אמֶר	nsubj	David
6	דָּמ	דָּם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	9 רֹאשׁ	nsubj	blood
7	ְךָ֖	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	6 דָּמ	nmod:poss	your
8	עַל־	עַל	ADP	_	9 רֹאשׁ	case	[be] on
9	רֹאשׁ	רֹאשׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 יֹּ֤אמֶר	ccomp	head
10	ֶ֑ךָ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	9 רֹאשׁ	nmod:poss	your
11	כִּ֣י	כִּי	SCONJ	_	14 עָנָ֤ה	mark	(dm)
12	פִ֗י	פֶּה	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	14 עָנָ֤ה	nsubj	mouth
13	ךָ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	12 פִ֗י	nmod:poss	your own
14	עָנָ֤ה	עָנָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	9 רֹאשׁ	advcl	it has testified
15	ב	בְּ	ADP	_	16 ְךָ֙	case	against
16	ְךָ֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	14 עָנָ֤ה	obl	you
17	לֵ	לְ	ADP	ExtPos=SCONJ	20 מֹתַ֖תִּי	mark	(cmp)
18	אמֹ֔ר	אָמַר	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	17 לֵ	fixed
19	אָנֹכִ֥י	אָנֹכִי	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	20 מֹתַ֖תִּי	nsubj	I
20	מֹתַ֖תִּי	מוּת	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=POLEL Number=Sing Person=1	14 עָנָ֤ה	ccomp	I killed
21	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	22 מְשִׁ֥יחַ	case	(et)
22	מְשִׁ֥יחַ	מָשִׁיחַ	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	20 מֹתַ֖תִּי	obj	the [one] anointed
23	יְהוָֽה	יהוה	PROPN	_	22 מְשִׁ֥יחַ	compound:smixut	of Yahweh
24	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	23 יְהוָֽה	punct
25	ס	ס	PUNCT	_	23 יְהוָֽה	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: no
the frame alone: decl · narrate · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יֹּאמֶר he said	wayyiqtol · qal	דָּוִד David
עָנָה it has testified	qatal · qal	פִי mouth
אמֹר	infinitive construct · qal	פִי mouth
מֹתַתִּי I killed	qatal · polel	אָנֹכִי I	מְשִׁיחַ the [one] anointed

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וַאֲמַר לֵיהּ דָוִד חוֹבַת קְטוֹלָךְ תְּהֵי בְּרֵישָׁךְ אֲרֵי פּוּמָךְ אַסְהִיד בָּךְ לְמֵימַר אֲנָא קַטְלֵית יַת מְשִׁיחָא דַיָי:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And David said unto him: 'Thy blood be upon thy head; for thy mouth hath testified against thee, saying: I have slain the LORD'S anointed.'

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:2SA:15.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.1.16/