2 Samuel 12:21 שְׁמוּאֵל ב

Who acts: servants, thing, thou, child · What happens: say, be, do, fast, weep, rise · To what, where: this, bread · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is 2 Samuel 12:21 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — servants, thing, thou, child — and what happens in the verse to this, bread, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of 2 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיֹּאמְר֤וּ עֲבָדָיו֙ אֵלָ֔יו מָֽה־הַדָּבָ֥ר הַזֶּ֖ה אֲשֶׁ֣ר עָשִׂ֑יתָה בַּעֲב֞וּר הַיֶּ֤לֶד חַי֙ צַ֣מְתָּ וַתֵּ֔בְךְּ וְכַֽאֲשֶׁר֙ מֵ֣ת הַיֶּ֔לֶד קַ֖מְתָּ וַתֹּ֥אכַל לָֽחֶם׃

Then said his servants unto him: 'What thing is this that thou hast done? thou didst fast and weep for the child, while it was alive; but when the child was dead, thou didst rise and eat bread.'

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יֹּאמְר֤וּ	cc	and
2	יֹּאמְר֤וּ	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	root	root	they said
3	עֲבָדָי	עֶבֶד	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	2 יֹּאמְר֤וּ	nsubj	servants
4	ו֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 עֲבָדָי	nmod:poss	his
5	אֵלָ֔י	אֶל	ADP	_	6 ו	case	to
6	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 יֹּאמְר֤וּ	obl	him
7	מָֽה־	מָה	PRON	PronType=Int	2 יֹּאמְר֤וּ	ccomp	what?
8	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	9 דָּבָ֥ר	det	[is] the
9	דָּבָ֥ר	דָּבָר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	7 מָֽה־	nsubj	thing
10	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	11 זֶּ֖ה	det	(the)
11	זֶּ֖ה	זֶה	DET	Gender=Masc Number=Sing PronType=Dem	9 דָּבָ֥ר	det	this
12	אֲשֶׁ֣ר	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	13 עָשִׂ֑יתָה	mark	which
13	עָשִׂ֑יתָה	עָשָׂה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=2	9 דָּבָ֥ר	acl:relcl	you have done
14	בַּ	בְּ	ADP	_	15 עֲב֞וּר	case	because
15	עֲב֞וּר	עָבוּר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	19 צַ֣מְתָּ	obl	of
16	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	17 יֶּ֤לֶד	det	the
17	יֶּ֤לֶד	יֶלֶד	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	18 חַי֙	nsubj	child
18	חַי֙	חַי	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	15 עֲב֞וּר	acl	[was] alive
19	צַ֣מְתָּ	צוּם	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=2	7 מָֽה־	parataxis	you fasted
20	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	21 תֵּ֔בְךְּ	cc	and
21	תֵּ֔בְךְּ	בָּכָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=2	19 צַ֣מְתָּ	conj	you wept
22	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	28 קַ֖מְתָּ	cc	and
23	כַֽ	כְּ	ADP	_	28 קַ֖מְתָּ	obl
24	אֲשֶׁר֙	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	25 מֵ֣ת	mark	when
25	מֵ֣ת	מוּת	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	23 כַֽ	acl:relcl	he died
26	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	27 יֶּ֔לֶד	det	the
27	יֶּ֔לֶד	יֶלֶד	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	25 מֵ֣ת	nsubj	child
28	קַ֖מְתָּ	קוּם	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=2	7 מָֽה־	conj	you arose
29	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	30 תֹּ֥אכַל	cc	and
30	תֹּ֥אכַל	אָכַל	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=2	2 יֹּאמְר֤וּ	conj	you ate
31	לָֽחֶם	לֶחֶם	NOUN	Number=Sing	30 תֹּ֥אכַל	obj	food
32	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	31 לָֽחֶם	punct

Pragmatics

form: wh-question
act: ask
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: no
the frame alone: decl · narrate · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יֹּאמְרוּ they said	wayyiqtol · qal	עֲבָדָי servants
עָשִׂיתָה you have done	qatal · qal		דָּבָר thing
צַמְתָּ you fasted	qatal · qal
תֵּבְךְּ you wept	wayyiqtol · qal
מֵת he died	qatal · qal	יֶּלֶד child
קַמְתָּ you arose	qatal · qal
תֹּאכַל you ate	wayyiqtol · qal		לָֽחֶם food

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וַאֲמַרוּ עַבְדוֹהִי לֵיהּ מַה פִתְגָמָא הָדֵין דַעֲבַדְתָּא עַד דְרַבְיָא קַיָם צַמְתָּא וּבְכֵית וְכַד מִית רַבְיָא קַמְתָּא וַאֲכַלְתְּ לַחְמָא:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Then said his servants unto him: 'What thing is this that thou hast done? thou didst fast and weep for the child, while it was alive; but when the child was dead, thou didst rise and eat bread.'

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:2SA:284.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.12.21/