2 Samuel 13:2 שְׁמוּאֵל ב

Who acts: Amnon, Tamar · What happens: be, fall, seem, do · To what, where: virgin, thing

This is 2 Samuel 13:2 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Amnon, Tamar — and what happens in the verse to virgin, thing, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of 2 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיֵּ֨צֶר לְאַמְנ֜וֹן לְהִתְחַלּ֗וֹת בַּֽעֲבוּר֙ תָּמָ֣ר אֲחֹת֔וֹ כִּ֥י בְתוּלָ֖ה הִ֑יא וַיִּפָּלֵא֙ בְּעֵינֵ֣י אַמְנ֔וֹן לַעֲשׂ֥וֹת לָ֖הּ מְאֽוּמָה׃

And Amnon was so distressed that he fell sick because of his sister Tamar; for she was a virgin; and it seemed hard to Amnon to do any thing unto her.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יֵּ֨צֶר	cc	and
2	יֵּ֨צֶר	צרר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	it was distress
3	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	4 אַמְנ֜וֹן	case	to
4	אַמְנ֜וֹן	אַמְנוֹן	PROPN	_	2 יֵּ֨צֶר	obl	Amnon
5	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	6 הִתְחַלּ֗וֹת	case	to
6	הִתְחַלּ֗וֹת	חָלָה	VERB	HebBinyan=HITHPAEL	2 יֵּ֨צֶר	advcl	make himself sick
7	בַּֽ	בְּ	ADP	_	8 עֲבוּר֙	case	because
8	עֲבוּר֙	עָבוּר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	6 הִתְחַלּ֗וֹת	obl	of
9	תָּמָ֣ר	תָּמָר	PROPN	_	8 עֲבוּר֙	compound:smixut	Tamar
10	אֲחֹת	אָחוֹת	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	9 תָּמָ֣ר	appos	sister
11	֔וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 אֲחֹת	nmod:poss	his
12	כִּ֥י	כִּי	SCONJ	_	13 בְתוּלָ֖ה	mark	(dm)
13	בְתוּלָ֖ה	בְּתוּלָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	2 יֵּ֨צֶר	advcl	[was] a virgin
14	הִ֑יא	הִיא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 בְתוּלָ֖ה	nsubj	she
15	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	16 יִּפָּלֵא֙	cc	and
16	יִּפָּלֵא֙	פָּלָא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יֵּ֨צֶר	conj	it was difficult
17	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	18 עֵינֵ֣י	case	in
18	עֵינֵ֣י	עַיִן	NOUN	Number=Dual	16 יִּפָּלֵא֙	obl	the eyes
19	אַמְנ֔וֹן	אַמְנוֹן	PROPN	_	18 עֵינֵ֣י	compound:smixut	of Amnon
20	לַ	לְ	ADP	_	21 עֲשׂ֥וֹת	case	to
21	עֲשׂ֥וֹת	עָשָׂה	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	16 יִּפָּלֵא֙	advcl	do
22	ל	לְ	ADP	_	23 ָ֖הּ	case	to
23	ָ֖הּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	21 עֲשׂ֥וֹת	obl	her
24	מְאֽוּמָה	מְאוּמָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	21 עֲשׂ֥וֹת	obj	anything
25	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	24 מְאֽוּמָה	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יֵּצֶר it was distress	wayyiqtol · qal
הִתְחַלּוֹת make himself sick	infinitive construct · hithpael	אַמְנוֹן Amnon
עֲשׂוֹת do	infinitive construct · qal	אַמְנוֹן of Amnon	מְאֽוּמָה anything

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וַעֲקַת לְאַמְנוֹן לְאִתְמְרָעָא בְּדִיל תָּמָר אֲחָתֵיהּ אֲרֵי בְתוּלְתָּא הִיא וַהֲוָה מְכַסָא בְּעֵינֵי אַמְנוֹן לְמֶעְבַּד לָהּ מִדָעַם:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And Amnon was so distressed that he fell sick because of his sister Tamar; for she was a virgin; and it seemed hard to Amnon to do any thing unto her.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:2SA:296.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.13.2/