2 Samuel 16:19 שְׁמוּאֵל ב

Who acts: I · What happens: serve, not serve, be · To what, where: presence

This is 2 Samuel 16:19 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — I — and what happens in the verse to presence, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of 2 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וְהַשֵּׁנִ֗ית לְמִי֙ אֲנִ֣י אֶֽעֱבֹ֔ד הֲל֖וֹא לִפְנֵ֣י בְנ֑וֹ כַּאֲשֶׁ֤ר עָבַ֙דְתִּי֙ לִפְנֵ֣י אָבִ֔יךָ כֵּ֖ן אֶהְיֶ֥ה לְפָנֶֽיךָ׃פ

And again, whom should I serve? should I not serve in the presence of his son? as I have served in thy father's presence, so will I be in thy presence.'

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	7 אֶֽעֱבֹ֔ד	cc	and
2	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	3 שֵּׁנִ֗ית	det	the second
3	שֵּׁנִ֗ית	שֵׁנִי	NUM	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	7 אֶֽעֱבֹ֔ד	advmod	[thing]
4	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	5 מִי֙	case	(to)
5	מִי֙	מִי	PRON	PronType=Int	7 אֶֽעֱבֹ֔ד	obl	whom?
6	אֲנִ֣י	אֲנִי	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	7 אֶֽעֱבֹ֔ד	nsubj	I
7	אֶֽעֱבֹ֔ד	עָבַד	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=1	root	root	will I serve
8	הֲ	הֲ	PART	_	9 ל֖וֹא	advmod	?
9	ל֖וֹא	לֹא	ADV	_	7 אֶֽעֱבֹ֔ד	parataxis	not
10	לִ	לְ	ADP	_	11 פְנֵ֣י	case	before
11	פְנֵ֣י	פָּנֶה	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 ל֖וֹא	obl
12	בְנ	בֵּן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	11 פְנֵ֣י	compound:smixut	son
13	֑וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 בְנ	nmod:poss	his
14	כַּ	כְּ	ADP	_	24 פָנֶֽי	obl	just
15	אֲשֶׁ֤ר	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	16 עָבַ֙דְתִּי֙	mark	as
16	עָבַ֙דְתִּי֙	עָבַד	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=1	14 כַּ	acl:relcl	I served
17	לִ	לְ	ADP	_	18 פְנֵ֣י	case	before
18	פְנֵ֣י	פָּנֶה	NOUN	Number=Plur	16 עָבַ֙דְתִּי֙	obl
19	אָבִ֔י	אָב	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	18 פְנֵ֣י	compound:smixut	father
20	ךָ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	19 אָבִ֔י	nmod:poss	your
21	כֵּ֖ן	כֵּן	ADV	_	24 פָנֶֽי	advmod	so
22	אֶהְיֶ֥ה	הָיָה	AUX	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=1	24 פָנֶֽי	cop	I will be
23	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	24 פָנֶֽי	case	before
24	פָנֶֽי	פָּנֶה	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 אֶֽעֱבֹ֔ד	parataxis
25	ךָ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	24 פָנֶֽי	nmod:poss	you
26	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	25 ךָ	punct
27	פ	פ	PUNCT	_	25 ךָ	punct

Pragmatics

form: wh-question
act: ask
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: yes

verb	form · stem	who (A0)
not אֶֽעֱבֹד will I serve	yiqtol · qal	אֲנִי I
עָבַדְתִּי I served	qatal · qal
אֶהְיֶה I will be	yiqtol · qal

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וְתִנְיָנוּת קֳדָם מַן אֲנָא אֶפְלַח הֲלָא קֳדָם בְּרֵיהּ כְּמָא דְפַלְחִית קֳדָם אֲבוּךְ כֵּן אֲהֵי פְלַח קֳדָמָךְ:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And again, whom should I serve? should I not serve in the presence of his son? as I have served in thy father's presence, so will I be in thy presence.'

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:2SA:422.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.16.19/