2 Samuel 18:12 שְׁמוּאֵל ב

Who acts: man, I, king, none, our · What happens: say, receive, not put, charge, beware, touch · To what, where: thousand pieces, hand, thee, hearing, young man · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is 2 Samuel 18:12 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — man, I, king, none, our — and what happens in the verse to thousand pieces, hand, thee, hearing, young man, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of 2 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיֹּ֤אמֶר הָאִישׁ֙ אֶל־יוֹאָ֔ב וְל֨וּאאָנֹכִ֜י שֹׁקֵ֤ל עַל־כַּפַּי֙ אֶ֣לֶף כֶּ֔סֶף לֹֽא־אֶשְׁלַ֥ח יָדִ֖י אֶל־בֶּן־הַמֶּ֑לֶךְ כִּ֣י בְאָזְנֵ֜ינוּ צִוָּ֣ה הַמֶּ֗לֶךְ אֹ֠תְךָ וְאֶת־אֲבִישַׁ֤י וְאֶת־אִתַּי֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר שִׁמְרוּ־מִ֕י בַּנַּ֖עַר בְּאַבְשָׁלֽוֹם׃

And the man said unto Joab: 'Though I should receive a thousand pieces of silver in my hand, yet would I not put forth my hand against the king's son; for in our hearing the king charged thee and Abishai and Ittai, saying: Beware that none touch the young man Absalom.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יֹּ֤אמֶר	cc	and
2	יֹּ֤אמֶר	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he said
3	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	4 אִישׁ֙	det	the
4	אִישׁ֙	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 יֹּ֤אמֶר	nsubj	man
5	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	6 יוֹאָ֔ב	case	to
6	יוֹאָ֔ב	יוֹאָב	PROPN	_	2 יֹּ֤אמֶר	obl	Joab
7	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	10 שֹׁקֵ֤ל	cc	and
8	ל֨וּא	לוּ	ADP	_	10 שֹׁקֵ֤ל	case	if
9	אָנֹכִ֜י	אָנֹכִי	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	10 שֹׁקֵ֤ל	nsubj	I
10	שֹׁקֵ֤ל	שָׁקַל	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing	2 יֹּ֤אמֶר	conj	[was] weighing
11	עַל־	עַל	ADP	_	12 כַּפּ	case	on
12	כַּפּ	כַּף	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Dual	10 שֹׁקֵ֤ל	obl	palms
13	ַי֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	12 כַּפּ	nmod:poss	my
14	אֶ֣לֶף	אֶלֶף	NUM	Number=Sing	15 כֶּ֔סֶף	nummod	a thousand
15	כֶּ֔סֶף	כֶּסֶף	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	10 שֹׁקֵ֤ל	obj	silver
16	לֹֽא־	לֹא	ADV	_	17 אֶשְׁלַ֥ח	advmod	not
17	אֶשְׁלַ֥ח	שָׁלַח	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=1	2 יֹּ֤אמֶר	parataxis	I will stretch out
18	יָד	יָד	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 אֶשְׁלַ֥ח	obj	hand
19	ִ֖י	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	18 יָד	nmod:poss	my
20	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	21 בֶּן־	case	against
21	בֶּן־	בֵּן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	17 אֶשְׁלַ֥ח	obl	the son
22	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	23 מֶּ֑לֶךְ	det	of
23	מֶּ֑לֶךְ	מֶלֶךְ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	21 בֶּן־	compound:smixut	the king
24	כִּ֣י	כִּי	SCONJ	_	28 צִוָּ֣ה	mark	(dm)
25	בְ	בְּ	ADP	_	26 אָזְנֵ֜י	case	in
26	אָזְנֵ֜י	אֹזֶן	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Dual	28 צִוָּ֣ה	obl	ears
27	נוּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	26 אָזְנֵ֜י	nmod:poss	our
28	צִוָּ֣ה	צָוָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יֹּ֤אמֶר	advcl	he commanded
29	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	30 מֶּ֗לֶךְ	det	the
30	מֶּ֗לֶךְ	מֶלֶךְ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	28 צִוָּ֣ה	nsubj	king
31	אֹ֠ת	אֵת	ADP	_	32 ְךָ	case
32	ְךָ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	28 צִוָּ֣ה	obj	you
33	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	35 אֲבִישַׁ֤י	cc	and
34	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	35 אֲבִישַׁ֤י	case	(et)
35	אֲבִישַׁ֤י	אֲבִישַׁי	PROPN	_	32 ְךָ	conj	Abishai
36	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	38 אִתַּי֙	cc	and
37	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	38 אִתַּי֙	case	(et)
38	אִתַּי֙	אִתַּי	PROPN	_	32 ְךָ	conj	Ittai
39	לֵ	לְ	ADP	ExtPos=SCONJ	41 שִׁמְרוּ־	mark	(cmp)
40	אמֹ֔ר	אָמַר	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	39 לֵ	fixed
41	שִׁמְרוּ־	שָׁמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=2	28 צִוָּ֣ה	ccomp	protect
42	מִ֕י	מִי	PRON	PronType=Int	45 נַּ֖עַר	nsubj	whoever
43	בַּ	בְּ	ADP	_	45 נַּ֖עַר	case	(in) the
44	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	45 נַּ֖עַר	det	young
45	נַּ֖עַר	נַעַר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	41 שִׁמְרוּ־	ccomp	man
46	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	47 אַבְשָׁלֽוֹם	case	(in)
47	אַבְשָׁלֽוֹם	אַבְשָׁלֹום	PROPN	_	45 נַּ֖עַר	nmod	Absalom
48	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	47 אַבְשָׁלֽוֹם	punct

Pragmatics

form: command
act: request
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: yes
the frame alone: decl · narrate · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יֹּאמֶר he said	wayyiqtol · qal	אִישׁ man
שֹׁקֵל [was] weighing	participle active · qal	אָנֹכִי I	כֶּסֶף silver
not אֶשְׁלַח I will stretch out	yiqtol · qal	אִישׁ man	יָד hand
צִוָּה he commanded	qatal · piel	מֶּלֶךְ king	ְךָ you + אֲבִישַׁי Abishai + אִתַּי Ittai
אמֹר	infinitive construct · qal	מֶּלֶךְ king
שִׁמְרוּ־ protect	imperative · qal	יוֹאָב Joab + אֲבִישַׁי Abishai + אִתַּי Ittai

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וַאֲמַר גַבְרָא לְיוֹאָב וְלוּ אַנָא תָּקֵל עַל כַּפֵּי אֲלַף סִלְעִין דִכְסַף לָא אוֹשִׁיט יְדֵי בְּבַר מַלְכָּא אֲרֵי קֳדָמָנָא פַּקֵיד מַלְכָּא יָתָךְ וְיַת אֲבִישַׁי וְיַת אִתַּי לְמֵימַר אִסְתַּמָרוּ לִי בְעוּלֵימָא בְּאַבְשָׁלוֹם:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And the man said unto Joab: 'Though I should receive a thousand pieces of silver in my hand, yet would I not put forth my hand against the king's son; for in our hearing the king charged thee and Abishai and Ittai, saying: Beware that none touch the young man Absalom.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:2SA:467.

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