2 Samuel 2:1 שְׁמוּאֵל ב

Who acts: it, David, I, LORD · What happens: come, pass, inquire, say, go up · To what, where: any · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is 2 Samuel 2:1 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — it, David, I, LORD — and what happens in the verse to any, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of 2 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיְהִ֣י אַֽחֲרֵי־כֵ֗ן וַיִּשְׁאַל֩ דָּוִ֨ד בַּֽיהוָ֤ה ׀ לֵאמֹר֙ הַאֶעֱלֶ֗ה בְּאַחַת֙ עָרֵ֣י יְהוּדָ֔ה וַיֹּ֧אמֶר יְהוָ֛ה אֵלָ֖יו עֲלֵ֑ה וַיֹּ֧אמֶר דָּוִ֛ד אָ֥נָה אֶעֱלֶ֖ה וַיֹּ֥אמֶר חֶבְרֹֽנָה׃

And it came to pass after this, that David inquired of the LORD, saying: 'Shall I go up into any of the cities of Judah?' And the LORD said unto him: 'Go up.' And David said: 'Whither shall I go up?' And He said: 'Unto Hebron.'

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יְהִ֣י	cc	and
2	יְהִ֣י	הָיָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	it was
3	אַֽחֲרֵי־	אַחַר	ADP	_	4 כֵ֗ן	case	after
4	כֵ֗ן	כֵּן	ADV	_	2 יְהִ֣י	obl	thus
5	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	6 יִּשְׁאַל֩	cc	and
6	יִּשְׁאַל֩	שָׁאַל	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יְהִ֣י	conj	he enquired
7	דָּוִ֨ד	דָּוִד	PROPN	_	6 יִּשְׁאַל֩	nsubj	David
8	בַּֽ	בְּ	ADP	_	9 יהוָ֤ה	case	by
9	יהוָ֤ה	יהוה	PROPN	_	6 יִּשְׁאַל֩	obl	Yahweh
10	׀	׀	PUNCT	_	9 יהוָ֤ה	punct
11	לֵ	לְ	ADP	ExtPos=SCONJ	14 אֶעֱלֶ֗ה	mark	(cmp)
12	אמֹר֙	אָמַר	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	11 לֵ	fixed
13	הַ	הֲ	PART	_	14 אֶעֱלֶ֗ה	advmod	will
14	אֶעֱלֶ֗ה	עָלָה	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=1	6 יִּשְׁאַל֩	ccomp	I go up?
15	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	17 עָרֵ֣י	case	in
16	אַחַת֙	אֶחָד	NUM	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	17 עָרֵ֣י	nummod	one
17	עָרֵ֣י	עִיר	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Plur	14 אֶעֱלֶ֗ה	obl	of the cities
18	יְהוּדָ֔ה	יְהוּדָה	PROPN	_	17 עָרֵ֣י	compound:smixut	of Judah
19	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	20 יֹּ֧אמֶר	cc	and
20	יֹּ֧אמֶר	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יְהִ֣י	conj	he said
21	יְהוָ֛ה	יהוה	PROPN	_	20 יֹּ֧אמֶר	nsubj	Yahweh
22	אֵלָ֖י	אֶל	ADP	_	23 ו	case	to
23	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	20 יֹּ֧אמֶר	obl	him
24	עֲלֵ֑ה	עָלָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=2	20 יֹּ֧אמֶר	ccomp	go up
25	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	26 יֹּ֧אמֶר	cc	and
26	יֹּ֧אמֶר	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יְהִ֣י	conj	he said
27	דָּוִ֛ד	דָּוִד	PROPN	_	26 יֹּ֧אמֶר	nsubj	David
28	אָ֥נָה	אָן	PRON	PronType=Prs	29 אֶעֱלֶ֖ה	advmod	where?
29	אֶעֱלֶ֖ה	עָלָה	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=1	26 יֹּ֧אמֶר	ccomp	will I go up
30	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	31 יֹּ֥אמֶר	cc	and
31	יֹּ֥אמֶר	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יְהִ֣י	conj	he said
32	חֶבְרֹֽנ	חֶבְרוֹן	PROPN	_	31 יֹּ֥אמֶר	ccomp	to
33	ָה	ה	X	_	32 חֶבְרֹֽנ	nmod	Hebron
34	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	33 ָה	punct

Pragmatics

form: yes/no question
act: ask
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: no
the frame alone: decl · narrate · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יִּשְׁאַל he enquired	wayyiqtol · qal	דָּוִד David
אמֹר	infinitive construct · qal	דָּוִד David
אֶעֱלֶה I go up?	yiqtol · qal	דָּוִד David
יֹּאמֶר he said	wayyiqtol · qal	יְהוָה Yahweh
עֲלֵה go up	imperative · qal	דָּוִד David
יֹּאמֶר he said	wayyiqtol · qal	דָּוִד David
אֶעֱלֶה will I go up	yiqtol · qal	דָּוִד David
יֹּאמֶר he said	wayyiqtol · qal	יְהוָה Yahweh	חֶבְרֹֽנ to

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וַהֲוָה בָּתַר כֵּן וּשְׁאֵיל דָוִד בְּמֵימְרָא דַייָ לְמֵימָר הַאֶסַק בַּחֲדָא מִקִרְוַיָא דְבֵית יְהוּדָה וַאֲמַר יְיָ לֵיהּ סַק וַאֲמַר דָוִד לְאָן אֲסַק וַאֲמַר לְחֶבְרוֹן:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And it came to pass after this, that David inquired of the LORD, saying: 'Shall I go up into any of the cities of Judah?' And the LORD said unto him: 'Go up.' And David said: 'Whither shall I go up?' And He said: 'Unto Hebron.'

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:2SA:27.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.2.1/