2 Samuel 2:18 שְׁמוּאֵל ב

Who acts: three sons, Asahel, roes · What happens: be · To what, where: field

This is 2 Samuel 2:18 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — three sons, Asahel, roes — and what happens in the verse to field, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of 2 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיִּֽהְיוּ־שָׁ֗ם שְׁלֹשָׁה֙ בְּנֵ֣י צְרוּיָ֔ה יוֹאָ֥ב וַאֲבִישַׁ֖י וַעֲשָׂהאֵ֑ל וַעֲשָׂהאֵל֙ קַ֣ל בְּרַגְלָ֔יו כְּאַחַ֥ד הַצְּבָיִ֖ם אֲשֶׁ֥ר בַּשָּׂדֶֽה׃

And the three sons of Zeruiah were there, Joab, and Abishai, and Asahel; and Asahel was as light of foot as one of the roes that are in the field.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יִּֽהְיוּ־	cc	and
2	יִּֽהְיוּ־	הָיָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	root	root	they were
3	שָׁ֗ם	שָׁם	ADV	_	2 יִּֽהְיוּ־	advmod	there
4	שְׁלֹשָׁה֙	שָׁלֹשׁ	NUM	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	5 בְּנֵ֣י	nummod	three
5	בְּנֵ֣י	בֵּן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	2 יִּֽהְיוּ־	nsubj	the sons
6	צְרוּיָ֔ה	צְרוּיָה	PROPN	_	5 בְּנֵ֣י	compound:smixut	of Zeruiah
7	יוֹאָ֥ב	יוֹאָב	PROPN	_	5 בְּנֵ֣י	appos	Joab
8	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	9 אֲבִישַׁ֖י	cc	and
9	אֲבִישַׁ֖י	אֲבִישַׁי	PROPN	_	7 יוֹאָ֥ב	conj	Abishai
10	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	11 עֲשָׂהאֵ֑ל	cc	and
11	עֲשָׂהאֵ֑ל	עֲשָׂהאֵל	PROPN	_	7 יוֹאָ֥ב	conj	Asahel
12	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	14 קַ֣ל	cc	and
13	עֲשָׂהאֵל֙	עֲשָׂהאֵל	PROPN	_	14 קַ֣ל	nsubj	Asahel
14	קַ֣ל	קַל	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 יִּֽהְיוּ־	conj	[was] swift
15	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	16 רַגְלָ֔י	case	on
16	רַגְלָ֔י	רֶגֶל	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Dual	14 קַ֣ל	obl	feet
17	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	16 רַגְלָ֔י	nmod:poss	his
18	כְּ	כְּ	ADP	_	21 צְּבָיִ֖ם	case	like
19	אַחַ֥ד	אֶחָד	NUM	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	21 צְּבָיִ֖ם	nummod	one
20	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	21 צְּבָיִ֖ם	det	of
21	צְּבָיִ֖ם	צְבִי	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 קַ֣ל	obl	the gazelles
22	אֲשֶׁ֥ר	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	25 שָּׂדֶֽה	mark	which
23	בַּ	בְּ	ADP	_	25 שָּׂדֶֽה	case	[are] in
24	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	25 שָּׂדֶֽה	det	the open
25	שָּׂדֶֽה	שָׂדֶה	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	21 צְּבָיִ֖ם	acl:relcl	country
26	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	25 שָּׂדֶֽה	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	to whom, further (A2)	who makes it happen (AA)
יִּֽהְיוּ־ they were	wayyiqtol · qal	בְּנֵי the sons

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וַהֲווֹ תַמָן תְּלָתָא בְּנֵי צְרוּיָה יוֹאָב וַאֲבִישַׁי וַעֲשָׂהאֵל וַעֲשָׂהאֵל קַלִיל בְּרִיגְלוֹהִי כַּחֲדָא מִן טָבַיָא דִי בְּחַקְלָא:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And the three sons of Zeruiah were there, Joab, and Abishai, and Asahel; and Asahel was as light of foot as one of the roes that are in the field.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:2SA:44.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.2.18/