2 Samuel 21:19 שְׁמוּאֵל ב

Who acts: war, Elhanan, Gittite · What happens: be, slay · To what, where: Goliath

This is 2 Samuel 21:19 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — war, Elhanan, Gittite — and what happens in the verse to Goliath, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of 2 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַתְּהִי־ע֧וֹד הַמִּלְחָמָ֛ה בְּג֖וֹב עִם־פְּלִשְׁתִּ֑ים וַיַּ֡ךְ אֶלְחָנָן֩ בֶּן־יַעְרֵ֨י אֹרְגִ֜יםיַעְרֵ֨י אֹרְגִ֜ים בֵּ֣ית הַלַּחְמִ֗י בֵּ֣ית הַלַּחְמִ֗י אֵ֚ת גָּלְיָ֣ת הַגִּתִּ֔י וְעֵ֣ץ חֲנִית֔וֹ כִּמְנ֖וֹר אֹרְגִֽים׃ס

And there was again war with the Philistines at Gob; and Elhanan the son of Jaare-oregim the Beth-lehemite slew Goliath the Gittite, the staff of whose spear was like a weaver's beam.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 תְּהִי־	cc	and
2	תְּהִי־	הָיָה	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	it was
3	ע֧וֹד	עוֹד	ADV	_	2 תְּהִי־	advmod	again
4	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	5 מִּלְחָמָ֛ה	det	(the)
5	מִּלְחָמָ֛ה	מִלְחָמָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	2 תְּהִי־	nsubj	battle
6	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	7 ג֖וֹב	case	at
7	ג֖וֹב	גֹּוב	PROPN	_	2 תְּהִי־	obl	Gob
8	עִם־	עִם	ADP	_	9 פְּלִשְׁתִּ֑ים	case	with
9	פְּלִשְׁתִּ֑ים	פְּלִשְׁתִּי	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	2 תְּהִי־	obl	[the] Philistines
10	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	11 יַּ֡ךְ	cc	and
11	יַּ֡ךְ	נָכָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=3	2 תְּהִי־	conj	he struck down
12	אֶלְחָנָן֩	אֶלְחָנָן	PROPN	_	11 יַּ֡ךְ	nsubj	Elhanan
13	בֶּן־	בֵּן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	12 אֶלְחָנָן֩	appos	the son
14	יַעְרֵ֨י	יַעֲרֵי	PROPN	_	13 בֶּן־	compound:smixut	of
15	אֹרְגִ֜ים	_	PROPN	_	14 יַעְרֵ֨י	flat:name
16	יַעְרֵ֨י	ארג	PROPN	_	13 בֶּן־	compound:smixut	Jaare-Oregim
17	אֹרְגִ֜ים	_	PROPN	_	16 יַעְרֵ֨י	flat:name
18	בֵּ֣ית	בַּיִת	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	12 אֶלְחָנָן֩	appos	the
19	הַלַּחְמִ֗י	_	NOUN	_	18 בֵּ֣ית	flat
20	בֵּ֣ית	הַ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	12 אֶלְחָנָן֩	appos	Bethlehemite
21	הַלַּחְמִ֗י	_	NOUN	_	20 בֵּ֣ית	flat
22	אֵ֚ת	אֵת	ADP	_	23 גָּלְיָ֣ת	case	(et)
23	גָּלְיָ֣ת	גׇּלְיַת	PROPN	_	11 יַּ֡ךְ	obj	Goliath
24	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	25 גִּתִּ֔י	det	the
25	גִּתִּ֔י	גִּתִּי	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	23 גָּלְיָ֣ת	appos	Gittite
26	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	31 מְנ֖וֹר	cc	and
27	עֵ֣ץ	עֵץ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	31 מְנ֖וֹר	nsubj	the wood
28	חֲנִית	חֲנִית	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	27 עֵ֣ץ	compound:smixut	his spear
29	֔וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	28 חֲנִית	nmod:poss	his
30	כִּ	כְּ	ADP	_	31 מְנ֖וֹר	case	[was] like
31	מְנ֖וֹר	מָנוֹר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 תְּהִי־	conj	a beam
32	אֹרְגִֽים	אָרַג	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur	31 מְנ֖וֹר	compound:smixut	of weavers
33	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	32 אֹרְגִֽים	punct
34	ס	ס	PUNCT	_	32 אֹרְגִֽים	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	to whom, further (A2)	who makes it happen (AA)
תְּהִי־ it was	wayyiqtol · qal	מִּלְחָמָה battle
יַּךְ he struck down	wayyiqtol · hiphil	בֵּית Bethlehemite			אֶלְחָנָן Elhanan

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וַהֲוַת עוֹד קְרָבָא בְּגוֹב עִם פְּלִשְׁתָּאֵי וּקְטַל דָוִד בַּר יִשַׁי מְחֵי פָּרוֹכֶת בֵּית מַקְדְשָׁא דְמִבֵּית לֶחֶם יַת גָלְיַת גִתָּאָה וְאָעָא דְמוּרְנִיתֵיהּ כְאַכְסַן דְגַרְדָאִין:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And there was again war with the Philistines at Gob; and Elhanan the son of Jaare-oregim the Beth-lehemite slew Goliath the Gittite, the staff of whose spear was like a weaver's beam.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:2SA:576.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.21.19/